Defining Science and Technology
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Defining Science and Technology

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Questions and Answers

What is defined as the body of organized knowledge about nature?

  • Science (correct)
  • Engineering
  • Mathematics
  • Technology

    • Which of the following describes a key component of science?

  • Observation and experimentation (correct)
  • Artistic interpretation
  • Intuition and guesswork
  • Personal belief

    • Which term refers to artifacts or hardware produced to meet specific needs?

  • Science
  • Technology (correct)
  • Theory
  • Hypothesis

    • What is the attitude associated with the scientific process?

    <p>Systematic skepticism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the definition of technology, which aspect does NOT belong?

    <p>Purely theoretical concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the goal of science primarily include?

    <p>Explanation and understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is part of the community aspect of science?

    <p>Education and credentials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is technology categorized according to the provided content?

    <p>As a societal enterprise and artifacts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the main focuses of Science, Technology, and Society as an academic field?

    <p>How scientific and technological innovations impact social contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines a historical antecedent in the context of S&T?

    <p>A precursor that existed before a certain development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did advancements in communication contribute to ancient civilizations?

    <p>By aiding in record-keeping and facilitating trade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did transportation advancements play in ancient societies?

    <p>They enabled exploration and discovery of new horizons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor increased the demand for technological advancements in food production during the ancient period?

    <p>The increase in size and number of nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was an important aspect of weapons and armor in ancient civilizations?

    <p>They were essential for exploration and establishing alliances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way did S&T contribute to the conservation of life in ancient times?

    <p>By discovering cures and prevention methods for illnesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one reason ancient civilizations sought to improve food production technology?

    <p>To avoid nomadic lifestyles and facilitate permanent settlements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is technology defined in the context of achieving specific goals?

    <p>A system based on the application of knowledge manifested in physical objects and organizational forms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following definitions best captures the broad impact of technology on civilization?

    <p>Technology is the sum total of systems of machines and techniques that underlie a civilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical concern arises from emotion-sensing facial recognition technology?

    <p>It may lead to misuse by monitoring personal emotional states without consent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be considered a societal impact of sentencing software in the United States?

    <p>It uses algorithms that may lack transparency and fairness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which emerging ethical dilemma involves the utilization of personal data for governance in China?

    <p>Social Credit Systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept does 'robot friendship' represent in contemporary discussions about technology?

    <p>Creating emotional connections with algorithms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following inventions directly addresses the issue of texting and driving?

    <p>The Textalyzer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of context is important to understand in the development of scientific and technological inventions?

    <p>Cultural, political, and social contexts are also significant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant challenge faced by Copernicus in promoting the heliocentric model?

    <p>Accusations of heresy by the Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary effect did the Copernican Revolution have on scientific thinking?

    <p>Pushed scientific thinking towards heliocentric views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which work by Charles Darwin sparked the Darwinian Revolution?

    <p>On The Origin of Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a response to Darwin's theory of evolution from critics?

    <p>It was criticized for contradicting religious teachings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Darwin's theory of evolution benefit from earlier scientific revolutions?

    <p>It was guided by confidence in human reason's explanatory power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable impact of the Freudian Revolution on the field of psychology?

    <p>Psychology transitioned from philosophy to a scientific field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Freudian psychoanalysis primarily focus on?

    <p>The subconscious mind and human behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What misconception surrounded Darwin's theory of evolution regarding its compatibility with religion?

    <p>It sparked debates, indicating it was initially seen as contradictory to the church's views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three conflicting elements that Freud identified as components of personality?

    <p>ID, Ego, and Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical method did Freud develop to treat mental disorders?

    <p>Psychoanalysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a contribution of science and technology to the pre-colonial Filipino society?

    <p>Development of herbal medicines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Banaue rice terraces are an example of which aspect of Filipino history?

    <p>Superb architectural design</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what context is Freud’s Psychoanalysis still influential today?

    <p>In psychodynamic therapies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Freud use as tools to understand inner and unconscious conflicts?

    <p>Free associations, dreams, and fantasies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities was NOT characteristic of pre-colonial Filipino society?

    <p>Formal universities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role did science and technology play in the physical environment during the history of Philippine S&T?

    <p>It affected society and the environment through various developments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Defining Science

    • Science is a body of knowledge about nature, organized by experimentation, observation, hypothesis, theory, and law.
    • It uses mathematics and technical vocabulary as its language.
    • It employs instruments and technologies as tools.
    • The scientific community involves discipline, education, credentials, careers, patrons, societies, and territorial ownership.
    • It focuses on explanation, understanding, prediction, and control.

    Defining Technology

    • Defined as artifacts or hardware, knowledge and methods, a human cultural activity or profession, and a total societal enterprise.
    • Can be understood as a discourse or treatise on art and scientific study of practical or industrial arts.
    • Is a system based on applying knowledge in the form of physical objects and organizational forms.
    • Is the sum total of systems of machines and techniques that underlie a civilization.

    Ancient Period

    • The rise of ancient civilizations led to advancements in transportation, navigation, communication, finding better ways of living, and weapons and armor.
    • These advancements facilitated trade, discovery, record-keeping, and survival.

    Copernican Revolution

    • Led by Nicolaus Copernicus, it challenged the geocentric model of the universe.
    • This breakthrough changed scientific thinking and paved the way for modern astronomy.

    Darwinian Revolution

    • Led by Charles Darwin, it developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
    • His theory explained the process of organisms inheriting, developing, and adapting traits for survival and reproduction.

    Freudian Revolution

    • Led by Sigmund Freud, it focused on psychoanalysis as a scientific method for understanding unconscious conflicts.
    • Freud argued that personality is a product of three conflicting elements - Id, Ego, and Superego.
    • Psychoanalysis continues to influence psychotherapeutic practices.

    Pre-Colonial Period

    • Filipinos utilized herbs for medicinal purposes.
    • They developed skills in farming, shipbuilding, mining, weaving, and architecture like the Banaue Rice Terraces.
    • They created irrigation systems using water from forests and mountaintops.

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    Related Documents

    Science, Technology and Society Prelims 2019 PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts of science and technology in this quiz. Understand the roles of experimentation, observation, and the historical impact of ancient civilizations on the development of these fields. Test your knowledge on the definitions, applications, and significance of each.

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