Deductive Analysis and Herzberg's Theory

A structured approach to analyzing qualitative data where you start with a predefined theory and test it against the data to see if it's confirmed or challenged.

The researcher begins with a theoretical framework or hypothesis to guide the analysis.

The researcher reviews data with the theoretical framework or hypothesis in mind. It's about getting familiar with the data.

Assigning codes based on pre-existing concepts or categories derived from the theory. It's like labeling things based on a pre-defined system.

Comparing the data to the initial hypothesis or theory to see if the data supports or contradicts the expectations.

Factors that can reduce dissatisfaction, but don't necessarily increase satisfaction. Think of things like a safe work environment, reasonable pay, or job security.

Factors that are intrinsic to work and can motivate employees, leading to increased satisfaction. Examples include opportunities for growth, recognition, and a sense of achievement.

A research approach that focuses on exploring a phenomenon in-depth, seeking to understand the complexities and nuances of a particular case. It typically involves a small number of participants and uses methods like interviews or observations.

A research approach that relies on collecting numerical data and using statistical methods to analyze patterns, relationships, and trends.

A research approach that involves collecting data and analyzing it in a way that is sensitive to the cultural context in which the research is taking place. It recognizes that culture plays an important role in shaping individuals' experiences and perspectives.

A research approach that focuses on understanding how individuals' beliefs, values, and experiences shape their decisions, behaviors, and attitudes.

A process of organizing, interpreting, and identifying patterns in non-numerical, subjective data to draw meaningful conclusions.

A technique used to find, examine, classify, and report patterns (themes) within qualitative data. It involves identifying codes or units of analysis that emerge from the data.

Thematic Analysis (TA) is flexible and can be used across various research designs, including case studies, phenomenology, narrative analysis, and generic qualitative research.

TA is an excellent choice for novice researchers seeking a simple yet rigorous method to generate meaningful findings.

When you want to uncover and analyze commonalities and differences across data, using TA can help you understand the patterns and variations present.

TA can be applied for both inductive (data-driven) and deductive (theory-driven) analysis.

Thematic analysis involves coding data, assigning labels based on recurring themes, and then identifying broader patterns from these codes.

Thematic analysis is a widely used method in qualitative research. It helps to identify patterns, generate insights, and draw conclusions from rich and descriptive data.

Academic stress is a significant factor for students, often caused by homework, exams, and pressure to succeed.

Social stress stems from relationships and social interactions, encompassing challenges like peer pressure and navigating social expectations.

Personal stress originates from internal struggles and personal experiences, such as family issues or self-imposed expectations.

Physical effects of stress are bodily reactions, including headaches, fatigue, and muscle tension.

Emotional effects of stress impact mood and feelings, leading to sadness, frustration, irritability, and anxiety.

Cognitive effects of stress affect mental processes, leading to difficulties concentrating, overthinking, and making decisions.

Healthy coping mechanisms involve constructive ways to manage stress, such as talking to friends, practicing mindfulness, or engaging in hobbies.

Unhealthy coping mechanisms involve unproductive strategies for dealing with stress, such as procrastination, avoidance, substance abuse, or unhealthy eating.

A research method that focuses on identifying, analyzing, and interpreting patterns within qualitative data, such as interview transcripts or focus group discussions.

A flexible approach to thematic analysis that emphasizes active engagement with the data and allows for the researcher's perspective to influence the analysis.

A type of analysis where the researcher starts with the data and identifies themes emerging from it. It's driven by the data.

A type of analysis where the researcher begins with a pre-existing theory or framework and uses it to guide the analysis of the data. It's driven by theory.

In Braun and Clarke's approach, this is the first step where the researcher immerses themselves in the data, getting a comprehensive understanding of the context and participant perspectives.

In Braun and Clarke's approach, this is the second step where the researcher systematically identifies and labels significant elements within the data, creating initial codes for further analysis.

In Braun and Clarke's approach, this step involves developing and refining themes from the initial codes, grouping similar codes together and creating overarching themes that capture the core essence of the data.

The final step in Braun and Clarke's approach where the researcher reviews the identified themes, ensures they are grounded in the data, and writes a clear and concise report describing the key findings and their significance.

A method for analyzing large amounts of text to uncover patterns and themes in words, their frequencies, and relationships. It helps to make sense of qualitative data by converting it into quantifiable information.

Analyzing words, messages, or concepts in a text by counting them and looking at how they connect to each other.

The stages of content analysis involve preparing the text for analysis by breaking it down into manageable parts, assigning categories to these parts, and then summarizing the results.

The KJ Method is a technique used to brainstorm, organize, and prioritize a group's ideas. It involves writing down ideas individually, sharing them with others, grouping similar ideas, and then voting on the most important ones.

In the KJ Method, team members individually write down their ideas on separate notes, ensuring independent thinking without influence from others before sharing their ideas.

The KJ Method emphasizes a visual approach to organizing ideas by arranging notes on a board or wall, allowing for easy identification of clusters and themes.

In the KJ Method, the team votes on ideas they find most important, assigning votes or dots to their favorites.

The KJ Method can be used to gather insights from diverse perspectives, leading to a more comprehensive understanding of the topic at hand, as it encourages a collaborative approach to idea generation.