Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes a programmed decision?
What characterizes a programmed decision?
In the context of decision-making, what is meant by 'satisficing'?
In the context of decision-making, what is meant by 'satisficing'?
Which type of authority refers to the right to give orders and expect compliance?
Which type of authority refers to the right to give orders and expect compliance?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the analytic decision-making style?
Which of the following is a characteristic of the analytic decision-making style?
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What is the focus of behavioral decision-making style?
What is the focus of behavioral decision-making style?
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What does 'bounded rationality' imply in decision-making?
What does 'bounded rationality' imply in decision-making?
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Which term describes guidelines that provide a general framework for decision-making?
Which term describes guidelines that provide a general framework for decision-making?
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What defines an ill-structured problem?
What defines an ill-structured problem?
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What is the primary purpose of job specification in Human Resources Management?
What is the primary purpose of job specification in Human Resources Management?
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Which type of departmentalization groups employees based on the products or services offered?
Which type of departmentalization groups employees based on the products or services offered?
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What is a key goal of employee orientation programs?
What is a key goal of employee orientation programs?
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Which of the following is NOT a selection device used in employee recruitment?
Which of the following is NOT a selection device used in employee recruitment?
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What is a significant impact of globalization on Human Resources Practices?
What is a significant impact of globalization on Human Resources Practices?
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Which appraisal method gathers feedback from multiple sources about an employee's performance?
Which appraisal method gathers feedback from multiple sources about an employee's performance?
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What is the primary focus of affirmative action programs in HRM?
What is the primary focus of affirmative action programs in HRM?
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Which method is used to assess an employee's abilities and aptitudes through written tests?
Which method is used to assess an employee's abilities and aptitudes through written tests?
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Study Notes
Decision-Making Process
- A decision is needed when there is a gap between the current and desired state.
- Relevant factors are considered when making decisions.
Planning-Function Decisions
- Setting short-term and long-term goals
- Efficient task completion strategies
- Budgeting and assessing competition
Decision Implementation
- Communicate decisions to affected parties
- Secure commitment
Circumstances in Decision-Making
- Certainty: known outcomes
- Uncertainty: unknown outcomes
- Risk: probable outcomes with some uncertainty
Rational Decision-Making Model
- Consistent choices to maximize value
- Bounded rationality/Simplified decision-making due to constraints
- Satisfying: good enough solutions
Types of Problems
- Well-structured: familiar, straightforward
- Ill-structured: ambiguous, need creative solutions
Programmed vs. Nonprogrammed Decisions
- Programmed decisions: routine and repetitive
- Non-programmed decisions: unique and customized solutions
Decision-Making Aids
- Policy: general guidelines
- Procedure: sequential steps
- Rule: clear instructions
Decision-Making Styles
- Directive: low tolerance for ambiguity, logical, quick, short-term focus
- Analytic: high tolerance for ambiguity, thorough decision-making
- Conceptual: creative solutions, long-term perspective.
- Behavioral: people-oriented, collaborative, intuitive
Organizational Design
- Process of developing or changing an organization's structure
- Work Specialization: dividing work into specific tasks
- Organizational Structure - Control:
- Chain of Command: One boss per employee for clarity
- Span of Control: Number of subordinates a manager can effectively handle
- Organizational Structure - Authority:
- Authority: Right to give orders and expect compliance
- Power: influencing beyond position
- Responsibility: obligation to perform assigned duties
- Line Authority: Direct authority over subordinates (decision-making)
- Staff Authority: Support role (advice or policy enforcement)
Types of Power
- Coercive: based on fear
- Reward: control over valued outcomes
- Legitimate: position in formal hierarchy
- Expert: based on knowledge or skills
- Referent: influence through admiration or personal traits
Types of Departmentalization
- Functional: grouped by functions (marketing, finance)
- Product: grouped by products or services
- Customer: grouped based on customer types
- Geographic: grouped by regions or territories
- Process: grouped by workflow or process stages
Human Resources Management (HRM)
- Managing recruitment, training, motivation, retention of competent employees
- Goals: Balance employee supply with demand, match skills with organizational needs, foster a productive work environment
Legal Environment of HRM
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Impact of laws: Federal, state, and local laws influence HR practices.
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Affirmative Action Programs: Promote employment, upgrading, and retention of protected groups.
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Globalization's impact on HR practices
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Work Councils: Employees are consulted on decisions
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Board Representatives: Employees represented on boards.
Employee Assessment
- Human Resource Inventory: a report listing employee details (education, training, experience)
- Job Analysis Components: Job Description (tasks, duties) and Job Specification (minimum qualifications)
- Recruitment and Selection: Locating and Screening applicants
- Selection Devices: Written tests, Performance-Simulation Tests, Interviews
- Employee Orientation: Reduce anxiety, familiarize employees with the organization
Training
- Objective: improve skills, knowledge, and behaviors
- Methods: On-the-job (job rotation, understudy), Off-the-job (classroom lectures, simulations)
Individual Appraisal Methods
- Narrative Appraisals: Critical incidents, written methods
- Rating Scales: Graphic rating scales, BARS (behaviorally anchored rating scales)
- 360-Degree Appraisal: Feedback from multiple sources
Sexual Harassment
- Definition: Unwelcome sexual advances or conduct affecting employment or creating a hostile work environment.
- Organizational protection: Sexual harassment policies, prompt action on complaints
Violence in the Workplace
- Types: Violent crimes at work
- Prevention: Training supervisors, implementing employee assistance programs (EAPs), strong security measures
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Description
Explore the intricacies of decision-making through this comprehensive quiz. Covering aspects from planning to implementation, you'll learn about the rational decision-making model and the distinction between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions. Get ready to enhance your understanding of effective decision strategies.
