Decision Making and Rationality

Questions and Answers

What characteristic enables individuals to engage with their environment effectively?

Physical Growth

Rationality (correct)

Emotion

Innate Dignity

Which process is described as influencing language, customs, and attitudes?

Heredity

Training (correct)

Environment

Maturation

How do heredity and environment interact in determining behavior?

They jointly influence behavior outcomes. (correct)

They negate each other.

They are independent of each other.

They always produce the same results.

What developmental aspect does physical maturation enable in humans?

Reproduction Signup and view all the answers

What defines learning in the context of behavior?

A change in behavior due to experience or practice. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does the environment influence human behavior?

It affects behavior through physical and social conditions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is NOT a determinant of behavior?

Extraterrestrial influences Signup and view all the answers

What can be the result of sensory perception in individuals?

Movement towards stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the family in ensuring the survival of a society?

Replacing its members Signup and view all the answers

How does the family function in relation to economic systems in agricultural societies?

It is the primary economic unit. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of childrearing is primarily the responsibility of the family?

Ensuring mastery of valued skills Signup and view all the answers

What does the family primarily provide for its members to foster emotional well-being?

Emotional intimacy and support Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a way families provide care and attention to their members?

Offering emotional support in daily life Signup and view all the answers

What kind of status does an individual inherit from their family?

Social status ascribed by societal norms Signup and view all the answers

How does the family serve as a mechanism for social control?

By exerting pressure to conform to desired behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Why is the role of the family in socializing children important?

It ensures children acquire necessary life skills. Signup and view all the answers

What key development occurs if the intimacy versus isolation crisis is successfully resolved?

Capacity for love Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant relationship during the generativity versus stagnation stage?

Divided labor and shared household Signup and view all the answers

What emerges successfully from the generativity versus stagnation crisis?

Care Signup and view all the answers

What may occur if an individual's sense of identity is weak during the intimacy versus isolation stage?

Isolation and inability to sustain relationships Signup and view all the answers

What critical commitment is emphasized in the intimacy versus isolation phase?

Mutuality with a love partner Signup and view all the answers

What is a sign of unsuccessful resolution during the ego integrity versus despair stage?

Feelings of despair Signup and view all the answers

What do individuals reflect on during the ego integrity versus despair stage?

Past achievements and life meaning Signup and view all the answers

What begins to emerge if the crisis of the latency stage is resolved successfully?

Competence Signup and view all the answers

What aspect emerges from a successfully resolved generativity versus stagnation crisis?

Concern for the next generation Signup and view all the answers

What significant relationships are important during the latency stage?

Neighborhood and School Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome if the crisis of identity versus identity confusion is not resolved during adolescence?

Role confusion Signup and view all the answers

Which stage involves the transition from play to a sense of work?

Latency Stage Signup and view all the answers

What must children learn to do during the latency stage?

Set limits on their behavior Signup and view all the answers

What key emotional struggle do adolescents face during the puberty stage?

Confusion about identity Signup and view all the answers

What can strong social limitations during adolescence lead to?

Floundering and insecurity Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of successfully resolving the identity crisis during adolescence?

Fidelity Signup and view all the answers

What classification do values fall into according to the description provided?

Personal and Social Signup and view all the answers

Which function of values helps to conserve human energy?

Provides a criterion for choice Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of emotional closeness in a family?

To provide an outlet for self-exploration Signup and view all the answers

The authority value in Filipino family values is primarily concerned with what?

Recognition by authority figures Signup and view all the answers

The economic and social betterment value often reflects a desire to:

Improve living standards for family or community Signup and view all the answers

What does emotional closeness provide as a defense mechanism in a family?

An assurance against external hostilities Signup and view all the answers

What emotional response may occur if an authority figure fails to recognize someone's merit?

Feelings of betrayal and retaliation Signup and view all the answers

The need for smooth interpersonal relations originates from which value?

Authority value Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Decision Making and Human Characteristics

Decision-making results from a culmination of rational thought processes.
Innate dignity arises from reason and volition, enabling individuals to shape their environment.
Key activities reflecting human characteristics include nourishment, sensory awareness, and intellectual thinking.

Determinants of Behavior

Heredity: Genetic traits inherited from parents influence personality; genes interact with environmental factors shaping individual development.
Environment: Physical, social, and economic conditions affect behavior; both heredity and environment contribute to personality.
Training: Affects language, customs, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors; learning results from experience, motivation, and associations.

Developmental Tasks Across Life Stages

Infancy: Mastery leads to guilt, developing conscience, and setting limits.
Latency Stage (6-11 years): Competence develops through school; success fosters satisfaction, while failure leads to feelings of inferiority.
Puberty (12-20 years): Identity formation occurs; successful resolution results in fidelity, while failure leads to uncertainty and role confusion.
Genitality Stage (20-24 years): Intimate relationships emerge; success leads to love, while failure results in isolation and fear of commitment.
Procreativity Stage (25-65 years): Generativity involves guiding the next generation; success fosters care, while failure results in selfishness.
Generalization of Sensual Modes (65+ years): Wisdom emerges with successful life reflection; failure leads to despair and meaninglessness.

Family Functions in Society

Economic System: Families are fundamental units defining production and consumption, ensuring survival.
Child Socialization: Families ensure children learn desired lifestyles and skills, providing a supportive social context.
Emotional Support: Families offer security, belonging, and personal worth to members.
Care and Attention: Families provide essential needs and emotional support, crucial for daily life conflicts.
Social Status: Family background influences inherited social position, significantly affecting life trajectories.
Social Control: Families instill behavioral norms and expectations, promoting conformity to societal standards.

Functions of Values

Values serve as criteria for choice, guiding interests and behaviors, and influence social functions and sanctions.

Filipino Family Values

Emotional Closeness: Families offer a safe space for emotional expression and support, serving as protection against societal hostilities.
Authority Value: Emphasizes the importance of approval from authority figures and society, affecting behavior and maintaining interpersonal relations.
Economic and Social Betterment: Reflects a desire to improve family living standards, often seen as a way to repay familial debts.

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Description

This quiz explores the processes involved in decision making and the impact of rationality on human behavior. It delves into how innate dignity and reason influence individual and societal interactions. Answer questions that assess your understanding of these concepts.