60 Questions
What is a key consideration in interpreting a decision context?
Value and emotions associated with organizational staff
In the context of heuristics in Management Decision Making, what is the significance of considering organizational features?
To facilitate consistent strategic aim development
Who noted that historically, focusing on the value and emotions of organizational staff was considered a weakness in implementing consistent strategic aims?
Maccoby
What concept is emphasized in the chapter regarding the interpretation of a decision context?
Emotional intelligence
Why does the text mention that management methods need to fully embrace organizational features?
To enhance consistency in strategic aim development
What problem can emerge when individuals fail to consider the value and emotions associated with organizational staff in decision-making?
Inconsistencies in implementation
According to Berne, what is the basis of effective communication?
Selection of appropriate responses
In the context of decision making, what factors should be considered beyond the psychoanalytical view?
Task, situational context, and individual relevance
Why is it important to ensure an appropriate fit between decision maker's style and organizational growth?
To support the evolving organization effectively
What stage of organizational development may be more accepting of behaviors like tantrums in senior managers?
Emergent and entrepreneurial stage
How does a negative child state stroke interact with the Adult accounting mode according to the text?
By drawing a stroked response through the negative punitive parent
What can lead to ineffective communication according to the text?
Poorly or inappropriately chosen response to a given stroke
What is the downside of having a recent or vivid memory when considering or deciding upon a current situation?
It may introduce bias, especially if the event being recalled is rare.
According to Goodwin & Wright (2004), why is the fear of crime seen disproportionately more in some parts of society compared to actual crime incidents in those parts?
Because of the language and tone used in the press.
How can a prejudice towards viewing an organization's activities impact memory recall?
It may result in illusory correlations between activities and outcomes.
What example is given by the text to illustrate an illusory correlation within an organization?
Quality problems with semi-finished goods shipped to the UK from a manufacturing plant in Vietnam.
According to Yee et al (2008), what was described as an illusory correlation regarding employee satisfaction and job performance?
There is a direct causal relationship between employee satisfaction and job performance.
How does recent press coverage influence our ability to recollect information, as mentioned in the text?
It distorts the information we remember.
What is one observed difficulty of relying on past experience as a guide to future decision making?
It can shape and limit future decisions when there is limited prior experience of a situation.
What does Hardin III (1999) suggest as a source of bias in decision making?
Misapplication of schema
According to Smith & Sharma, why do meetings between individuals in organizations play a prominent role in decision making?
Because human beings are fundamentally social animals.
According to Schmidt (2011), what can block the accurate diagnosis of a problem?
Information uncertainty
What does the cognitive view of decision making propose?
A synthesis of past views to understand individual decision-making behaviors.
What is highlighted as a key aspect in the 'Theory of Expert Competence' by Shanteau (1992)?
Robust leadership style
How does the biological development view argue behavior is determined?
Through genetic, neurobiological, and physiological factors.
In decision making, what is highly unlikely according to the Garbage Can model by Cohen et al (1972)?
Complete convergence of necessary information, resources, and contexts
What do McKenna & Martin-Smith emphasize about decision-making in general?
It is not a linear nor rational process.
What is required for a decision maker according to Hardin III (1999) in order to resolve complex scenarios?
Robust self-confidence and belief
Why do formal meetings play a role in decision making according to the text?
To understand how individuals disclose information about themselves.
Which aspect is NOT identified as a necessary input in individual decision making by Shanteau (1992)?
Leadership skills
What are the four decision making styles identified in the Driver & Rowe cognitive decision style model?
Directive, Analytical, Conceptual, Behavioral
How does the systems view and SSM approach to problem analysis relate to left and right brain thinking?
They reflect left and right brain thinking, which aligns with the Driver & Rowe model of decision making styles.
What has management interest increased in due to insights from cognitive schemas and heuristics?
Development of cognitive schemas and heuristics
According to Shanteau (1992), what is a key aspect in the 'Theory of Expert Competence'?
Decision making
How does the biological development view argue behavior is determined?
By biological factors
What is one observed difficulty of relying on past experience as a guide to future decision making?
Non-repetition of past events
Why is it important for management methods to fully embrace organizational features?
To ensure consistent strategic aims and their implementation.
What problem may arise when individuals fail to consider the value and emotions of organizational staff in decision-making?
Failure to develop a consistent strategic aim and implement it effectively.
According to Yee et al (2008), what illusory correlation was described regarding employee satisfaction and job performance?
Believing that high employee satisfaction implies high job performance.
What does Shanteau (1992) emphasize as a key aspect in the 'Theory of Expert Competence'?
The ability to accurately recognize situations and patterns.
According to Hardin III (1999), what is required for a decision maker to resolve complex scenarios?
Recognizing and managing sources of bias in decision-making.
What is highlighted as a key aspect in the 'Theory of Expert Competence' by Shanteau (1992)?
The ability to accurately recognize situations and patterns.
What are the three mental modes proposed by Berne in transaction analysis?
Child ego state, Parent ego state, Adult ego state
What is the 'Accounting Mode' in transaction analysis associated with?
Interpreting communications and choosing responses
What are 'strokes' in transaction analysis and what do they refer to?
Positive or negative interactions; appropriate responses
How are positive and negative strokes in the Parent and Child states related to the Adult accounting mode?
They invite appropriate responses through the Adult state
What did Berne develop beyond the child, parent, and adult ego states in transaction analysis?
The 'descriptive model'
In transaction analysis, what is the significance of early events in an individual's life according to Elizabeth Chell's critical incident theory?
They impact future development
What specific ability was affected in decision making when an individual had an injury to the vmPFC?
Ability to use emotions
According to McKenna & Martin-Smith (2005), what drives individuals to act and make decisions?
Need to self-actualize and pursue personal ambition
What view of decision making goes beyond cognition to consider broader issues like self-development aims?
Humanist view
What structures are activated when reasoning about moral dilemmas, according to evidence?
vmPFC
What is emphasized in the 'Theory of Expert Competence' by Shanteau (1992)?
Judgment
What is the key aspect of decision making that the cognitive view proposes?
Schemata's and heuristics
What opportunity can a recessionary period provide for organizations according to Asker (2009)?
Opportunity to raise their profile through proactive marketing.
What is an example of the availability heuristic mentioned in the text?
Asking whether there are more words in the English language with 'k' as the third letter or as the first.
How does the text describe the effectiveness of heuristics in decision making?
Rapid but not always accurate decision making.
What is the downside of relying solely on recent memories when making decisions?
May lead to manipulation by governments and media.
Why is accurate statistical data considered superior in decision making?
It is superior in every event if available.
How does the text suggest individuals can improve decision making beyond heuristics?
Consider accurate statistical data.
Explore the challenges of relying on past experiences in decision making and how it can shape future decisions. This quiz delves into the concept of incrementalism in decision making and highlights the non-linear and irrational nature of the decision-making process.
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