Death and Dying

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What characterizes physical death according to the Uniform Determination of Death Act?

Irreversible cessation of circulatory and respiratory functions, or irreversible cessation of all functions of the entire brain, including the brain stem (correct)

Presence of certain reflexes

Complete absence of brain activity

Absence of heartbeat

What are some signs of the death process that may occur weeks before passing?

Increased social interactions

Increased appetite and restlessness

Reduced appetite and increased sleep (correct)

Increased consciousness and energy

What is a characteristic of social death according to Glaser & Strauss (1966)?

Providing constant care and attention to the terminally ill

Dehumanizing and withdrawing from someone who is terminally ill (correct)

Visiting more often and discussing deep topics

Including the terminally ill in decision-making processes

What is the philosophy and practice of palliative care focused on?

Improving quality of life for both the patient and the family Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of euthanasia and their controversies?

Voluntary, non-voluntary, and involuntary euthanasia; controversial due to ethical, moral, and legal considerations Signup and view all the answers

What are the criticisms of Kübler-Ross's model of the stages of loss?

It may not be universally applicable, and some individuals may not experience all the stages Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of losing a child and parent according to the text?

Both are associated with significant emotional and psychological challenges Signup and view all the answers

What are the four tasks of mourning described in the text?

Accepting the reality of the loss, working through the pain of grief, adjusting to an environment in which the deceased is missing, and emotionally relocating the deceased and moving on with life Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of support groups for mourning individuals?

They provide a sense of community, understanding, and validation of feelings Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of death in high-income countries?

Chronic diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of death for infants under 1 year of age?

Congenital abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

Where do people in the U.S. most commonly die?

Hospitals Signup and view all the answers

How do infants react to separation caused by death?

May lose weight, sleep less, become sluggish and less interactive Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of palliative care?

Providing comfort and relief from physical and emotional pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the life expectancy requirement for hospice care?

≤ 6 months Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of advance directives?

Specifying health care wishes Signup and view all the answers

What is the general U.S. view on patient autonomy in medical decisions?

Patients should be told the truth about their health Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern for Hispanics in making end-of-life decisions?

Offending other relatives Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor causing the highest rates of death anxiety in middle adulthood?

Worries about responsibilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of hospice care in making death as pain- and anxiety-free as possible?

Providing medical, psychological, and spiritual support Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of death worldwide according to the World Health Organization?

Cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic lung diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of euthanasia?

Intentionally ending one’s life when suffering from a terminal illness or severe disability Signup and view all the answers

What is physician-assisted suicide?

A physician prescribes the means by which a person can die Signup and view all the answers

In what religious practice does the body get cremated and the ashes dispersed in one of India’s holy rivers?

Hindu Signup and view all the answers

What is the final communion in Roman Catholic funeral rites?

A sacrament administered before death Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which people adapt to a loss?

Mourning Signup and view all the answers

What are typical grief reactions?

Feelings of numbness, anger, guilt, anxiety, sadness and despair Signup and view all the answers

What is complicated grief characterized by?

Feelings of disbelief, preoccupation with the dead loved one, and distressful memories Signup and view all the answers

What is disenfranchised grief associated with?

Grief that is not socially recognized Signup and view all the answers

When does anticipatory grief occur?

When a death is expected Signup and view all the answers

What are Kübler-Ross’ stages of death?

Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance Signup and view all the answers

What is the dual-process model of grieving characterized by?

Two types of orientations of grieving people Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of childhood death on bereaved parents?

Increased risk of mortality, physical and mental health problems Signup and view all the answers