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After processing, such as formatting and printing, output data can again be perceived as information.
True
Information is produced by processing data.
True
What combines all rows from two tables, excluding duplicate rows?
UNION
What must a candidate key satisfy all of the following conditions EXCEPT?
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Who is responsible for authorizing access to the database, coordinating its use, and acquiring resources needed?
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What yields all values for selected attributes, thus a vertical subset of a table?
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Raw data may not be properly formatted for storage, processing, and presentation.
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A foreign key is an attribute or combination of attributes in a relation whose value matches a primary key in another relation.
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What type of databases are used by groups or departments within larger corporations, or by small businesses?
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The table to which a foreign key refers is known as ______________.
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A functional dependency in which one or more nonkey attributes are functionally dependent on part, but not all, of the primary key is called a __________ dependency.
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The first DBMS designed by Charles Bachman at General Electric was called __________.
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A cascading delete removes all records in other tables associated with the record to be deleted.
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Which of the following are properties of relations?
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A homonym is the opposite of a synonym and indicates the use of different names to describe the same attribute.
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There can be multivalued attributes in a relation.
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Relation is the association between tables.
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Information is a collection of facts, while data puts those facts into context.
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In the relational model, keys are important because they are used to ensure that each row in a table is uniquely identifiable.
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What is sometimes referred to as a transactional or production database?
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The following items are disadvantages of databases, EXCEPT:
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Secondary keys are also called alternate keys.
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DBMS systems offer features that ensure that in case of data loss due to hardware failure, human error, or other unforeseen events, data can be restored to a previous state.
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What type of database supports data located at a single site?
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Which of the following are anomalies that can be caused by redundancies in tables?
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The tables may not have the same attribute characteristics to be used in the UNION.
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A key consists of only one attribute that determines other attributes.
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Study Notes
Database Concepts
- Data vs Information: Processing data (like formatting and printing) can transform it into information.
- Information from Processing: Information is created through data processing.
- Raw Data Formatting: Raw data may not always be formatted correctly for storage, processing, or presentation.
- Foreign Keys: A foreign key matches a primary key in another relation, ensuring data integrity.
- Database Users: Groups or departments within larger corporations, or small businesses, use departmental databases.
- Primary Key and Foreign Keys: The table containing the primary key referenced by a foreign key is referred to as the parent table.
- Partial Dependency: A functional dependency where a non-key attribute depends on only part of the primary key is called a partial dependency.
- First DBMS: Charles Bachman developed the first DBMS, called Integrated Data Store (IDS), at General Electric.
- Cascading Delete: A cascading delete removes all associated records in related tables when a record is deleted.
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Relational Model Properties: Relations have distinct properties, including:
- Homonyms: Use different names for the same attribute.
- Multivalued Attributes: Allow multiple values for a single attribute.
- Relations as Associations: Represent the connection between tables.
- Data vs Information: Data is a collection of facts; information gives those facts context.
- Keys in Relational Model: Keys in the relational model ensure unique identification of each row in a table.
- Production Databases: These databases are also known as transactional or production databases.
- Database Disadvantages (Except for): Databases have many advantages, but one disadvantage is the complexity of their architecture and management.
- Alternate Keys: Secondary keys are also called alternate keys.
- Data Recovery: Database Management Systems (DBMS) offer features that allow for data recovery after data loss.
- Local Databases: Databases located at a single site are called local databases.
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Data Redundancy Anomalies: Data redundancy in tables can lead to anomalies including:
- Insertion Anomalies: Difficulty adding new data without also adding unnecessary data.
- Deletion Anomalies: Loss of related information when a record is deleted.
- Modification Anomalies: Inconsistent data updates because of redundant data.
- Union Operation: Tables used in the UNION operation must have compatible attribute characteristics.
- Single-Attribute Keys: Single attribute keys are keys that consist of only one attribute which determines other attributes.
- IS Professionals: Database users who perform tasks related to implementing, maintaining, and securing databases.
- Database Management Systems (DBMS): The software that manages and interacts with data stored in a database.
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Description
This quiz covers fundamental database concepts, including data versus information, the role of primary and foreign keys, and the significance of functional dependencies. Understand the functions of database management systems and the historical context of databases to solidify your knowledge.
