Database Fundamentals
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Questions and Answers

What is a relationship in entity-relationship modeling?

An association of entities where each association includes one entity from each participating entity type.

Define relationship type in entity-relationship modeling.

A meaningful association between entity types.

What are attributes in entity-relationship modeling?

Properties of entity types that describe entities in a database.

In an ER diagram, a rectangle represents an attribute.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symbol in an ER diagram represents a relationship?

<p>Diamond</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following entities with their attributes:

<p>CELLPHONE = Brand, Cost, Weight STUDENT = Roll Number, Name, Grade HOUSE = Door, Window, Rooms, Toilet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between STUDENT and CLASS entities in the ER diagram provided?

<p>Attends</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are data in the context of a database system?

<p>Raw facts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are objectives of a Database Management System (DBMS)?

<p>Data security</p> Signup and view all the answers

Data integrity in a database system refers to the reliability of the data.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

A database is a collection of data that is organized so that its contents can easily be __________, managed, and updated.

<p>accessed</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of a Database Management System (DBMS) with their descriptions:

<p>Software = Set of programs used to handle the database Hardware = Physical electronic devices like computers and storage devices Procedures = Instructions and rules for designing and using the DBMS Database Access Language = Language used to access and manipulate data in the database</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym SQL stand for?

<p>Structured Query Language</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most widely used relational database management system?

<p>MySQL</p> Signup and view all the answers

Relational databases store data in different access control tables with key fields.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Data and Information

  • Data are raw facts that constitute the building blocks of information
  • All data do not necessarily convey useful information, and useful information is obtained from processed data

Database Definition

  • A database is a collection of data that is organized so that its contents can easily be accessed, managed, and updated
  • The database contains all the data needed by an organization, characterized by a huge volume of data, long-term storage, and access by multiple users

Objectives of DBMS

  • The main objectives of a database management system are:
    • Data Availability: making data available to a wide variety of users in a meaningful format at a reasonable cost
    • Data Integrity: ensuring the correctness of the data in the database
    • Data Security: ensuring that only authorized users can access the data
    • Data Independence: allowing the user to store, update, and retrieve data in an efficient manner

Components of Database Management System

  • The components of a database management system are:
    • Software: the set of programs used to handle the database and control the overall computerized database system
    • Hardware: the physical electronic devices such as computers, storage devices, and I/O devices
    • Data: the most important component of the DBMS, which is processed and stored in the database
    • Procedures: the instructions and rules that help to design the database and use the DBMS
    • Database Access Language: the language used to access the data to and from the database
    • Users: the people who manage the databases and perform different operations on the databases

Users

  • The users of a database management system are:
    • Application Programmers: who write application programs to interact with the database
    • Database Administrators: who are responsible for managing the overall database management system
    • End-Users: who interact with the database management system to perform different operations on the database

Advantages of Database Management Systems

  • The advantages of a database management system are:
    • Integrity can be enforced
    • Redundancy can be controlled
    • Inconsistency can be avoided
    • Data can be shared
    • Unauthorized access can be restricted

Types of DBMS

  • The types of database management systems are:
    • Hierarchical databases
    • Network databases
    • Relational databases
    • Object-oriented databases

Relational Database

  • In a relational database, the relationship between data files is relational, and data is stored in different access control tables, each having a key field that identifies each row

Database Schema

  • A database schema is a description of the database, and it exists at three levels:
    • External schema
    • Conceptual schema
    • Internal schema

Entity-Relationship Model

  • The entity-relationship model is a graphical modeling tool used to standardize ER modeling, and it consists of:
    • Entity: an object that exists and is distinguishable from other objects
    • Attribute: a property of an entity type
    • Relationship: an association of entities where the association includes one entity from each participating entity type
    • Entity type (set): a collection of similar entities

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Description

This quiz covers the basics of databases, including data, information, and database management systems. It explains the concept of raw data and how it is processed to obtain useful information.

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