Data Types in Java

Data Types

• Data types describe how data is stored and what operations are allowed.
• Data is categorized as either primitive or abstract (derived).

Primitive Data Types

• Built-in data types that are not objects.
• Examples:
  • Byte: 8-bit integer, range -128 to 127.
  • Short: 16-bit integer, range -32768 to 32767.
  • Int: 32-bit integer, default value 0.
  • Long: 64-bit integer, default value 0L.
  • Float: 32-bit single-precision floating point, default value 0.0f.
  • Double: 64-bit double-precision floating point, default value 0.0d.
  • Char: 8-bit character, default value '\u0000'.
  • Boolean: 1-bit boolean, default value false.

Integer Types

• Byte, Short, Int, and Long represent signed integers (positive and negative values).
• Java doesn't directly support unsigned integers.
• Byte: Used for small integers, range -128 to 127. Declared using byte keyword.
• Short: Used for integers within the range -32768 to 32767. Declared using short keyword.
• Int: Preferred for general integer use, as Byte and Short values are automatically promoted to Int in expressions. Declared using int keyword.
• Long: Used for very large integers. Needs an L after the value when initializing. Declared using long keyword.

Floating Point Types

• Used for computations that require fractional accuracy, such as square root, sine, and cosine.
• Float: Single-precision floating point, uses less memory but is slower on some processors.
• Double: Double-precision floating point, faster on modern processors optimized for mathematical calculations.

Character Types

• Two main categories: ASCII and Unicode.
• ASCII: Represented by Byte data type. A single character is enclosed in single quotes when assigning or initializing it.
• Unicode: Supports a wider range of characters, including non-English characters and characters used in languages outside of the US. Implemented through Char data type.

Example Code

• Hexadecimal initialization: Decimal integer 3001 can be represented as 0x4A8 in hexadecimal.
• Float initialization: float pi = 3.14f;
• Double initialization: double pi = 3.141590; (The d suffix is optional)
• Character initialization: byte Gender = 'F';

Explore the various data types in Java, including both primitive and abstract types. This quiz will challenge your understanding of integer types and their ranges. Test your knowledge on how Java handles data types and their operations.