Podcast
Questions and Answers
What best describes a stack in terms of its data handling method?
What best describes a stack in terms of its data handling method?
- Elements are managed in a first-in-first-out manner.
- Elements can be added and removed from both ends.
- Elements are accessed directly based on their index.
- Elements can only be added and removed from one end, the top. (correct)
What happens when the TOP variable equals MAX-1 in a stack?
What happens when the TOP variable equals MAX-1 in a stack?
- The stack can accommodate additional elements.
- The stack is full and no further insertions can be made. (correct)
- The stack needs to perform a pop operation.
- The stack is empty and ready for new elements.
Which of the following operations does not belong to the basic operations of a stack?
Which of the following operations does not belong to the basic operations of a stack?
- Peek
- Append (correct)
- Push
- Pop
In the array representation of a stack, what does a NULL value for TOP signify?
In the array representation of a stack, what does a NULL value for TOP signify?
When an attempt is made to insert an element into a full stack, what is the expected outcome?
When an attempt is made to insert an element into a full stack, what is the expected outcome?
Which operation retrieves the topmost element without altering the stack?
Which operation retrieves the topmost element without altering the stack?
What data structure is NOT commonly used for implementing a stack?
What data structure is NOT commonly used for implementing a stack?
Which statement about stacks is true?
Which statement about stacks is true?
What condition must be checked before performing a deletion operation on a stack?
What condition must be checked before performing a deletion operation on a stack?
What message is displayed when an attempt is made to delete from an empty stack?
What message is displayed when an attempt is made to delete from an empty stack?
What does the PEEK operation do in the context of a stack?
What does the PEEK operation do in the context of a stack?
Before performing an update on a stack's element, what must be confirmed?
Before performing an update on a stack's element, what must be confirmed?
What best describes recursion in programming?
What best describes recursion in programming?
Which of the following is an example of a situation where recursion is used?
Which of the following is an example of a situation where recursion is used?
In a stack represented by a vector S and a pointer TOP, what does the I-th element from the top refer to?
In a stack represented by a vector S and a pointer TOP, what does the I-th element from the top refer to?
Which recursive problem is NOT traditionally associated with recursion?
Which recursive problem is NOT traditionally associated with recursion?
Study Notes
Stack Overview
- Stack is a linear data structure with a Last In First Out (LIFO) principle, where the last element added is the first to be removed.
- Analogous to a pile of plates, elements can be added or removed only from the top position.
Implementation
- Can be implemented using an array or a linked list.
- Key variables:
- TOP: Stores the address of the top element.
- MAX: Indicates the maximum capacity of the stack.
- If TOP=NULL, the stack is empty; if TOP=MAX-1, the stack is full.
Operations on Stack
- Four basic operations exist:
- Push: Adds an element to the top.
- Pop: Removes the top element.
- Peek: Retrieves the value of the top element without removing it.
- Update: Changes the value of an element at a specific index.
Push Operation
- Adds a new element at the topmost position after checking if the stack is full (TOP=MAX-1).
- If full, an "OVERFLOW" message is generated.
Pop Operation
- Deletes the top element, ensuring the stack is not empty (TOP=NULL) before the operation.
- If empty, an "UNDERFLOW" message is displayed.
Peek Operation
- Returns the value of the element at a specified index from the top without deletion.
Update Operation
- Changes the value of an element at a specified index, first checking if the stack is not empty.
Applications of Stack
- Used in recursion where a function calls itself until a stopping condition is met.
- Supports balancing symbols in expressions.
- Utilized in Polish notations for expression evaluation.
Recursion
- A process where a function repeatedly calls itself until a defined condition is fulfilled, preventing infinite loops.
- Common examples include calculating factorials and generating Fibonacci sequences.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts of stack and queue in this quiz. Understand how these data structures operate, with practical examples like the analogy of a pile of plates for the stack. Test your knowledge on operations and characteristics associated with these essential structures in computer science.
