Data Structures Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Define Data Structure.

A data structure is a way of organizing, managing, and storing data for efficient access and modification.

What is meant by PEEP operation on Stack? What does it do?

PEEP operation allows the user to view the top element of the stack without removing it.

What is a queue?

A queue is a linear data structure that follows the First In First Out (FIFO) principle.

Define Primitive and Non-Primitive Data Structure.

Primitive data structures are basic structures like integers and characters; non-primitive are complex structures like arrays and lists. Signup and view all the answers

What are overflow and underflow conditions of a linear queue?

Overflow occurs when trying to add data to a full queue; underflow occurs when trying to remove data from an empty queue. Signup and view all the answers

Define best case and worst case complexity.

Best case complexity refers to the minimum time required to complete a task, while worst case complexity refers to the maximum time. Signup and view all the answers

Define Dynamic data structure.

A dynamic data structure can grow and shrink at runtime, such as linked lists and dynamic arrays. Signup and view all the answers

What are the applications of Queue?

Queues are used in scheduling tasks, managing resources, and handling asynchronous data. Signup and view all the answers

What is infix, prefix, and postfix expression?

Infix expression is when operators are between operands; prefix is when operators precede operands; postfix is when operators follow operands. Signup and view all the answers

Define Circular Queue.

A circular queue is a linear data structure that connects the last position back to the first position to form a circle. Signup and view all the answers

List out the applications of Stack.

Stacks are used in function calls, backtracking algorithms, and undo mechanisms in applications. Signup and view all the answers

Find the prefix of the expression (5 + 2) * 3.

<ul> <li> <ul> <li>5 2 3</li> </ul> </li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between Linear and Non-linear Data Structure.

Linear data structures have elements arranged in a sequential manner, while non-linear structures have a hierarchical arrangement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rate of growth in data structures?

The rate of growth describes how the complexity of an algorithm increases relative to the size of the input data. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the various operations performed on stack.

Common operations on a stack include push (add), pop (remove), and peek (view top element). Signup and view all the answers

Convert arithmetic expression (a + b * c)/d into postfix.

a b c * + d / Signup and view all the answers

What is the overflow and underflow condition of a queue?

Overflow occurs when trying to enqueue an item in a full queue; underflow occurs when trying to dequeue from an empty queue. Signup and view all the answers

Define Deque and explain how insert and delete operations perform in a deque.

A Deque (Double Ended Queue) allows insertion and deletion of elements from both ends. Signup and view all the answers

Write an algorithm to insert an element at the beginning of a linear list.

<ol> <li>Create a new node. 2. Set its next pointer to the head of the list. 3. Update the head to the new node.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Differentiate between Stack and Queue.

A stack uses LIFO (Last In First Out) whereas a queue uses FIFO (First In First Out). Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Data Structures

Data Structure: A way to store and organize data in a computer so that it can be accessed and used efficiently.
PEEP Operation on Stack: PEEP stands for "Peek" or "Top," which is a way to retrieve the top element of a stack without removing it, which would be using a POP operation.
Queue: A data structure that follows the First In, First Out (FIFO) principle, meaning the first element added is the first one to be removed.
Primitive Data Structure: Basic data types like integer, character, float, etc., directly supported by the programming language.
Non-Primitive Data Structure: Complex data structures built from primitive data types, including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, and trees.
Linear Queue Overflow: Occurs when the queue is full, and there's no more space to insert new elements.
Linear Queue Underflow: Occurs when the queue is empty, and there are no elements to remove.
Best Case Complexity: The minimum amount of time or resources required for an algorithm to complete.
Worst Case Complexity: The maximum amount of time or resources required for an algorithm to complete.
Dynamic Data Structure: Data structures that can be expanded or shrunk in size as needed during program execution, allowing for flexibility in memory allocation.
Applications of Queue: Handling requests in operating systems, managing buffers, implementing print queues, etc.
Infix, Prefix, and Postfix Expressions: Infix: Operators are written between operands (a + b). Prefix: Operators are written before operands (+ a b). Postfix: Operators are written after operands (a b +).
Circular Queue: A queue implementation that uses a circular array, allowing the queue to wrap around and reuse the space at the beginning of the array, minimizing data movement.
Applications of Stack: Function calls, expression evaluation, undo/redo mechanisms, parsing, etc.
Prefix of the Expression (5 + 2) * 3: * + 5 2 3
Linear Data Structure: Data elements arranged sequentially, like a list where elements are accessed in a specific order.
Non-linear Data Structure: Data elements not arranged in a sequence, with complex relationships between elements. Examples are trees and graphs.
Rate of Growth: Describes how the time or space requirements of an algorithm change as the size of the input increases.
Stack Operations: Push: Inserts an element at the top of the stack. Pop: Removes the top element from the stack. Peek/Top: Retrieves the top element without removal. IsEmpty: Checks if the stack is empty. IsFull: Checks if the stack is full.
Postfix Expression of (a + b * c)/d: a b c * + d /
Queue Overflow and Underflow: Similar to the linear queue, the queue can overflow due to a full queue or underflow due to an empty queue, as there are no elements to be removed.
Deque (Double-Ended Queue): A queue allowing elements to be inserted and deleted from both ends.
- Deque Insert and Delete Operations: Elements can be added or removed from both the front (head) or the rear (tail) of the deque.
Inserting an element at the beginning of a linear list: Move all existing elements one position to the right to make space for the new element at the beginning of the list.
Stack vs. Queue: Stack follows the LIFO (Last In, First Out) principle, while the queue follows the FIFO (First In, First Out) principle.

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Description

Test your knowledge on various data structures, including stacks, queues, and primitive vs non-primitive data types. Learn about operations like PEEP and scenarios of overflow and underflow in queues. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of data organization and complexity in computer science.