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Study Notes
Data Structures in Computer Programs
Arrays
- A collection of elements of the same data type stored in contiguous memory locations
- Each element is identified by an index or key
- Operations:
- Accessing an element by its index (constant time complexity)
- Inserting or deleting an element (linear time complexity)
Linked Lists
- A dynamic collection of elements, where each element points to the next element
- Each element is a separate object, and each element points to the next element
- Operations:
- Inserting or deleting an element at the beginning or end (constant time complexity)
- Inserting or deleting an element in the middle (linear time complexity)
Stacks
- A Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) data structure
- Operations:
- Push (add an element to the top)
- Pop (remove the top element)
- Peek (view the top element without removing it)
Queues
- A First-In-First-Out (FIFO) data structure
- Operations:
- Enqueue (add an element to the end)
- Dequeue (remove the front element)
- Peek (view the front element without removing it)
Trees
- A hierarchical data structure with nodes that have a value and zero or more child nodes
- Types:
- Binary Trees: each node has at most two child nodes
- AVL Trees: self-balancing binary search trees
- B-Trees: self-balancing search trees for disk storage
Graphs
- A non-linear data structure with nodes and edges that connect nodes
- Types:
- Directed Graphs: edges have direction
- Undirected Graphs: edges do not have direction
- Weighted Graphs: edges have weights or labels
- Unweighted Graphs: edges do not have weights or labels
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Description
Test your knowledge of data structures, including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, trees, and graphs, and their operations and types.
