Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the factorial of 4?
What is the factorial of 4?
- 12
- 16
- 24 (correct)
- 20
Which type of recursion involves a function calling itself twice in each execution?
Which type of recursion involves a function calling itself twice in each execution?
- Linear Recursion
- Mutual Recursion
- Nested Recursion
- Binary Recursion (correct)
Which of the following is an example of a non-primitive data structure?
Which of the following is an example of a non-primitive data structure?
- Float
- Integer
- Array
- List (correct)
What is the main purpose of merge sort?
What is the main purpose of merge sort?
Which notation places operators after their operands?
Which notation places operators after their operands?
What is the primary purpose of loops in programming?
What is the primary purpose of loops in programming?
What type of control flow statement is an if-else statement classified as?
What type of control flow statement is an if-else statement classified as?
Which structure follows a First In, First Out (FIFO) order?
Which structure follows a First In, First Out (FIFO) order?
Which of the following best describes a triangular number?
Which of the following best describes a triangular number?
What is required when inserting into an array in the worst-case scenario?
What is required when inserting into an array in the worst-case scenario?
What is the time complexity of searching in an unbalanced Binary Search Tree (BST) in the worst case?
What is the time complexity of searching in an unbalanced Binary Search Tree (BST) in the worst case?
What is the time complexity of MergeSort in the worst case?
What is the time complexity of MergeSort in the worst case?
What does the operator Logical OR do?
What does the operator Logical OR do?
Which method resolves hash collisions by checking the next available slot?
Which method resolves hash collisions by checking the next available slot?
What traversal method visits nodes in ascending order in a Binary Search Tree?
What traversal method visits nodes in ascending order in a Binary Search Tree?
What does Dijkstra's Algorithm find in a graph?
What does Dijkstra's Algorithm find in a graph?
Flashcards
Stack
Stack
A linear data structure that follows the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle, meaning the last element added is the first one removed.
Linear Probing
Linear Probing
A method of resolving hash collisions in hash tables, by checking the next available slot if a collision occurs.
Breadth-First Search (BFS)
Breadth-First Search (BFS)
The algorithm that finds the shortest path in an unweighted graph, by exploring all nodes at the same level before going deeper.
Binary Search
Binary Search
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O(n) Time Complexity
O(n) Time Complexity
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O(log n) Time Complexity
O(log n) Time Complexity
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Triangular Numbers
Triangular Numbers
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Binary Tree
Binary Tree
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Recursion
Recursion
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Factorial
Factorial
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Anagrams
Anagrams
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Tower of Hanoi
Tower of Hanoi
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Array
Array
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Postfix Notation
Postfix Notation
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Data Structure
Data Structure
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Abstract Data Type
Abstract Data Type
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Study Notes
Data Structures and Algorithms
- Loops: Used to repeat a sequence of instructions.
- Stacks: Linear data structure, elements added/removed from the top (LIFO).
- FIFO: (First In, First Out) - First element added is first removed (queues)
- Redo Feature: Redo operation in text editors acts like a stack (not all stacks have this feature).
- Logarithmic Time Complexity (O(log n)): Binary search halves the problem space with each step.
- Logical OR: Checks if at least one operand is true.
- Incrementing a Variable: "i++" is shorthand for increasing "i" by 1.
- Constant Time Complexity(O(1)): Inserting at the beginning of a linked list.
- Hash Tables: Near-constant time access to elements using a hash function.
- Binary Trees: Often use linked structures, efficient data organization.
Stacks
- Strict LIFO Order (Last In, First Out): Stacks don't allow arbitrary insertions.
- XOR Operator: XOR between True and False is True
Binary Search Trees (BSTs)
- O(n) Time Complexity (in worst case): Worst-case insertion or search time in an unbalanced BST is linear (when the tree is unbalanced).
Searching and Sorting Algorithms
- Ascending Order Traversal: In-order traversal of a BST.
- MergeSort: Best worst-case time complexity of O(n log n).
- QuickSort: Average-case time complexity of O(n log n).
- Linear Probing: Resolves hash collisions by checking the next available slot.
- Double the Size: Hash tables resize to maintain performance upon reaching the threshold.
Graph Algorithms
- Breadth-First Search (BFS): Guarantees shortest path in unweighted graphs.
- Dijkstra's Algorithm: Finds shortest paths in weighted graphs.
- Depth-First Search (DFS): Doesn't guarantee shortest path; explores nodes deeply.
Other Concepts
- Expressions: Combine operands and operators.
- Triangular Numbers: Sum of first 'n' integers.
- Recursion: A function that calls itself.
- Factorials: Product of integers from 1 to 'n'.
- Anagrams: Words formed by rearranging letters.
- Tower of Hanoi: Classic puzzle; moving disks to pegs.
- Linear/Binary Recursion: Recursion types involving different call structures.
- Mutual/Nested Recursion: Complex function calling behavior.
- Primitive/Non-primitive Data Structures: Different classifications.
- Arrays: Static data structures with sequential storage for elements of the same type.
- Data Structures: How data is organized in memory.
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