Questions and Answers
What are data?
Individual facts, observations, statistics, characters, symbols, images, numbers, and more that are out of context, have no meaning.
How does data become information?
Data is processed and presented in a meaningful way according to given requirements.
What is knowledge?
A combination of information, experience, and insight.
Information answers questions of ______, while knowledge answers questions of ______.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three main types of acquiring knowledge?
Signup and view all the answers
Empiricism is not a way to gain knowledge.
Signup and view all the answers
What does trial and error refer to in acquiring knowledge?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the significance of tradition in knowledge?
Signup and view all the answers
Define rationalism in the context of acquiring knowledge.
Signup and view all the answers
What does scientific knowledge rely on?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of scientific knowledge?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main purpose of research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is pure research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is applied research?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Data, Information, and Knowledge
- Data: Raw facts and figures that lack context and are not meaningful on their own; includes observations, statistics, symbols, and numbers.
- Information: Processed data that has been organized and presented in a meaningful context, making it useful for specific requirements.
- Knowledge: The integration of information, experience, and understanding that enables individuals or organizations to act or make decisions.
Differences Between Information and Knowledge
- Information answers "who, when, or where," while knowledge answers "why and how."
- Information becomes knowledge through understanding its implications and relevance.
Example of Data to Information
- Raw temperature readings:
- 8:00 AM - 72°F
- 12:00 PM - 82°F
- 4:00 PM - 88°F
- Meaningful interpretation: “The temperature increased gradually from 72°F at 8:00 AM to 88°F by 4:00 PM.”
Knowledge Application
- Understanding weather patterns, temperature fluctuations, and their potential impacts can lead to better decision-making regarding outdoor activities.
Basis for Comparison: Information vs. Knowledge
- Meaning: Facts systematically presented = Information; relevant info gained from experience = Knowledge
- Processing: Data contextualization improves representation = Information; knowledge increases awareness through learning.
- Transfer: Information is easily transferable; knowledge involves learning and understanding.
- Prediction: Information alone is insufficient for predictions; knowledge enables predictions based on contextual understanding.
Sources of Knowledge
-
Unscientific Sources:
- Empiricism: Knowledge through personal observation.
- Trial and Error: Learning through practical experiences.
- Tradition: Knowledge transmitted through cultural practices.
- Tenacity: Accepting repeated information as true regardless of evidence.
- Rationalism: Knowledge gained through logical reasoning.
- Authority: Acceptance of information from authoritative figures.
-
Scientific Sources:
- Characteristics: Objectivity, measurability, ethical neutrality, empirical evidence, reliability, and accuracy.
Divine Sources of Knowledge
- Knowledge stemming from Divine Books includes:
- Taurat (Moses)
- Zabur (David)
- Injeel (Jesus)
- Qur'an (Muhammad)
Basic Concept in Research
-
Definition: Research is a systematic investigation to solve problems or discover new knowledge.
- The term "RESEARCH" combines "RE" (again/new) and "SEARCH" (to examine).
Types of Research
-
Application Types:
- Pure Research: Focuses on understanding fundamental phenomena without immediate application.
- Applied Research: Utilizes outcomes from pure research for real-world applications.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the fundamental differences between data, information, and knowledge through this quiz. Understand how raw data transforms into meaningful information and how knowledge is derived from context and experience. Test your understanding of these key concepts and their applications in decision-making.
