Questions and Answers
What is a significant characteristic of a home network compared to other LAN types?
What does a protocol stack represent in networking?
What is primarily measured by the term 'throughput' in a network context?
Which type of satellites are favored for providing satellite-based internet backbone networks?
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What defines the distinction between services and protocols in networking?
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What aspect of network development poses potential challenges due to increased freedom?
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What is the one-way signal transmission delay from the ground to a MEO satellite at 20,000 km?
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Which reference model is predominantly employed for Internet networking?
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What is the primary function of a protocol in data communications?
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Which of the following is NOT considered a guided transmission medium?
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What is the purpose of the 4B/5B code?
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Which statement best describes a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
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In Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM), what aspect is divided into multiple subcarriers?
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Which organization proposed the OSI Reference Model?
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What is the main function of switches in a switched network?
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The primary innovation of 5G networks is characterized by which of the following?
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Study Notes
Data Communication Fundamentals
- Protocols govern data communications, establishing rules for data exchange.
- Guided transmission media include twisted pair, coaxial cable, and fiber optics; microwave is not part of this category.
Encoding Techniques
- The 4B/5B code prevents long runs of consecutive 0s in data transmission.
Network Infrastructure
- A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a geographically distributed network of servers designed for efficient content distribution.
- In Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM), channel bandwidth is divided into multiple subcarriers.
Networking Models and Technologies
- The ISO (International Organization for Standardization) proposed the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model.
- Switches in a network create temporary connections between devices.
- Essential components of a data communication system are the sender, transmission medium, and protocol; a server is not necessary for basic functionality.
Advancements in Networking
- The primary innovation of 5G networks includes smaller cells and massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output).
- An "internetwork" refers to a collection of interconnected networks that together form the global Internet.
Home Networks
- Home networks are distinguished by their requirement for ease of management and security for non-technical users.
Signal Transmission Calculations
- A one-way signal transmission delay from Earth to a MEO satellite (20,000 km) is approximately 66.7 ms when calculated at the speed of light (3 × 10⁸ m/s).
Content Delivery
- Server farms are essential for hosting large volumes of content in a content delivery context.
Protocols and Services in Networking
- A "protocol stack" consists of layers of protocols utilized by a system, each serving different functions.
- Key differences between services and protocols: services define operations, while protocols establish communication rules.
Satellite Technology
- LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites are considered for satellite-based Internet backbone networks.
- A LEO satellite system can require 36 satellites at an altitude of 1500 km for global coverage, compared to 66 satellites at 780 km.
Networking Challenges
- The freedom provided by computer networks can lead to unresolved social, political, and ethical issues, contributing to technological dependence and information overload.
Network Examples
- A cable television network serves as an example of a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), while home Wi-Fi networks and office Ethernet networks fall under different categories.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of data communications protocols. This quiz covers various aspects such as the functions of protocols, transmission mediums, and encoding methods like 4B/5B. Perfect for students and professionals looking to reinforce their understanding of networking concepts.