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Questions and Answers
What is a significant characteristic of a home network compared to other LAN types?
What is a significant characteristic of a home network compared to other LAN types?
- It needs to be easy to manage and secure for non-technical users (correct)
- It requires high-level technical knowledge for management
- It covers a broader geographical area
- It only connects devices with Ethernet ports
What does a protocol stack represent in networking?
What does a protocol stack represent in networking?
- A system that regulates network security standards
- A sequence of protocols arranged by layer in a communication system (correct)
- A collection of networking hardware components
- A method for optimizing data storage on networks
What is primarily measured by the term 'throughput' in a network context?
What is primarily measured by the term 'throughput' in a network context?
- The frequency of signal oscillations
- The maximum signal strength achievable
- The reliability of network connections
- The amount of data transferred over a period (correct)
Which type of satellites are favored for providing satellite-based internet backbone networks?
Which type of satellites are favored for providing satellite-based internet backbone networks?
What defines the distinction between services and protocols in networking?
What defines the distinction between services and protocols in networking?
What aspect of network development poses potential challenges due to increased freedom?
What aspect of network development poses potential challenges due to increased freedom?
What is the one-way signal transmission delay from the ground to a MEO satellite at 20,000 km?
What is the one-way signal transmission delay from the ground to a MEO satellite at 20,000 km?
Which reference model is predominantly employed for Internet networking?
Which reference model is predominantly employed for Internet networking?
What is the primary function of a protocol in data communications?
What is the primary function of a protocol in data communications?
Which of the following is NOT considered a guided transmission medium?
Which of the following is NOT considered a guided transmission medium?
What is the purpose of the 4B/5B code?
What is the purpose of the 4B/5B code?
Which statement best describes a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
Which statement best describes a Content Delivery Network (CDN)?
In Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM), what aspect is divided into multiple subcarriers?
In Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM), what aspect is divided into multiple subcarriers?
Which organization proposed the OSI Reference Model?
Which organization proposed the OSI Reference Model?
What is the main function of switches in a switched network?
What is the main function of switches in a switched network?
The primary innovation of 5G networks is characterized by which of the following?
The primary innovation of 5G networks is characterized by which of the following?
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Study Notes
Data Communication Fundamentals
- Protocols govern data communications, establishing rules for data exchange.
- Guided transmission media include twisted pair, coaxial cable, and fiber optics; microwave is not part of this category.
Encoding Techniques
- The 4B/5B code prevents long runs of consecutive 0s in data transmission.
Network Infrastructure
- A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a geographically distributed network of servers designed for efficient content distribution.
- In Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM), channel bandwidth is divided into multiple subcarriers.
Networking Models and Technologies
- The ISO (International Organization for Standardization) proposed the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) Reference Model.
- Switches in a network create temporary connections between devices.
- Essential components of a data communication system are the sender, transmission medium, and protocol; a server is not necessary for basic functionality.
Advancements in Networking
- The primary innovation of 5G networks includes smaller cells and massive MIMO (Multiple Input, Multiple Output).
- An "internetwork" refers to a collection of interconnected networks that together form the global Internet.
Home Networks
- Home networks are distinguished by their requirement for ease of management and security for non-technical users.
Signal Transmission Calculations
- A one-way signal transmission delay from Earth to a MEO satellite (20,000 km) is approximately 66.7 ms when calculated at the speed of light (3 × 10⁸ m/s).
Content Delivery
- Server farms are essential for hosting large volumes of content in a content delivery context.
Protocols and Services in Networking
- A "protocol stack" consists of layers of protocols utilized by a system, each serving different functions.
- Key differences between services and protocols: services define operations, while protocols establish communication rules.
Satellite Technology
- LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites are considered for satellite-based Internet backbone networks.
- A LEO satellite system can require 36 satellites at an altitude of 1500 km for global coverage, compared to 66 satellites at 780 km.
Networking Challenges
- The freedom provided by computer networks can lead to unresolved social, political, and ethical issues, contributing to technological dependence and information overload.
Network Examples
- A cable television network serves as an example of a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), while home Wi-Fi networks and office Ethernet networks fall under different categories.
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