Questions and Answers
Which data collection method involves gathering data about the physical and verbal aspects of a task or scenario?
What should be defined in the first step of conducting a direct observation?
the objective of observation
Structured interviews allow for further discussion beyond the pre-defined questions.
False
Open-ended questions allow participants to ____________ on their answers.
Signup and view all the answers
Match the types of interview questions with their descriptions:
Signup and view all the answers
What are the four parts that a questionnaire is comprised of?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of questions are included in the participant information section?
Signup and view all the answers
What should each question in the information section of a questionnaire be?
Signup and view all the answers
True or False: Questionnaires should be no longer than two pages according to Wilson and Corlett (1995).
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three stages recommended by Wilson and Corlett (1995) for the pilot stage of a questionnaire?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the final steps after distributing and analyzing the questionnaire?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Data Collection Techniques
- Data collection is the process of gathering relevant information to provide a description of a system or activity.
- Data collection methods for human factors practitioners include:
- Observation
- Interview
- Questionnaire
- Simulation
Observation
- Observational method is used to gather data regarding physical and verbal aspects of a task or scenario.
- Types of information that can be elicited from observational methods include:
- Sequence of activities
- Duration of activities
- Frequency of activities
- Fraction of time spent in states
- Spatial movement
- Procedures for conducting a direct observation:
- Step 1: Define the objective of observation
- Step 2: Define the scenario
- Step 3: Prepare observation plan
- Step 4: Run pilot observation
- Step 5: Conduct the observation
- Step 6: Analyse the data
- Step 7: Give feedback to participants
Interview
- Interviews are used to collect a wide variety of data, including:
- System usability
- Individual's perceptions, attitudes, and reactions
- Job analysis
- Cognitive task analysis
- Usability and error-related data
- Types of interviews:
- Structured
- Semi-structured
- Unstructured or open interviews
- Procedures for developing questions and conducting an interview:
- Step 1: Define the interview objective
- Step 2: Develop questions
- Step 3: Perform a pilot or trial run
- Step 4: Redesign interview based on pilot run
- Step 5: Select appropriate participants
- Step 6: Conduct and record the interview
- Step 7: Transcribe the data
- Step 8: Gather the data
- Step 9: Analyse data
Questionnaire
- Questionnaires offer a flexible way of collecting specific data from a large population sample.
- Questionnaires can be used to:
- Evaluate concept and prototypical designs
- Probe user perceptions
- Evaluate existing system designs
- Evaluate system usability or attitudes towards an operational system
- Procedures for developing questionnaire:
- Step 1: Define the objective
- Step 2: Define the population
- Step 3: Construct the questionnaire
- Step 4: Run the pilot study
- Step 5: Distribute the questionnaire
- Step 6: Analyse data
- Step 7: Inform participants of the outcome of the study
Simulation
- Simulation is used to observe performance of individual in a controlled environment.
- Example of study: Virtual environment evaluation for a safety warning effectiveness study.
References
- Kirwan, B., & Ainsworth, L.K. (1992). A Guide to Task Analysis.
- Stanton, N.A., & Young, M.S. (1999). A Guide to Methodology in Ergonomics: Designing for Human Use.
- Stanton, N.A., Salmon, P.M., Walker, G.H., Baber, C., & Jenkins, D.P. (2005). Human Factors Methods: A Practical Guide for Engineering and Design.
- Wilson, J.R., & Corlett, N.E. (1995). Evaluation of Human Work: A Practical Ergonomics Methodology.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on various data collection techniques used to identify potential human factors with serious consequences. Learn about observation, interviews, questionnaires, and simulations.
