Data Collection Methods and Types

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of participant observation?

  • To watch and listen to an interaction as it takes place in a purposeful, systematic, and selective way (correct)
  • To administer questionnaires in a public place
  • To conduct structured interviews with respondents
  • To record observations using descriptive scales

In non-participant observation, the researcher:

  • Conducts structured interviews with the group members
  • Records observations using video recording
  • Gets involved in the group activities without their knowing that they are being observed
  • Does not get involved but watches/listens passively to the group's activities (correct)

How are questionnaires administered when sent to prospective respondents by mail?

  • Respondents write down answers to the given questions (correct)
  • Recorded using video recording
  • Administered in public places with a large population
  • Distributed in a confined space like a classroom or office

What is the main difference between structured and non-structured interviews?

<p>Structured interviews are inflexible, while non-structured interviews have the freedom to think about and formulate questions as they come to mind (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of data collection where the researcher collects information directly from the participants?

<p>Participant observation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research instrument assesses whether the respondent understands your questions?

<p>Structured (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most widely used type of attitudinal scale?

<p>Ordinal scale (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which format of historical records may not be available when needed?

<p>Availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of scale is based on the Likert scale?

<p>Thurstone scale (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of constructing Likert Scale statements?

<p>To reflect the logical link with the main issue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Research Methods

  • The primary purpose of participant observation is to gather data through immersion and participation in the daily lives of the individuals being studied.

Observation Methods

  • In non-participant observation, the researcher does not participate in the daily lives of the individuals being studied, but rather observes from a distance.

Questionnaires

  • When sent to prospective respondents by mail, questionnaires are typically self-administered, allowing respondents to complete them at their own pace.

Interviews

  • The main difference between structured and non-structured interviews is that structured interviews involve asking pre-determined questions, whereas non-structured interviews involve asking open-ended questions to gather more in-depth information.

Data Collection

  • The primary method of data collection where the researcher collects information directly from the participants is through surveys.

Research Instruments

  • A cognitive interview is a type of research instrument that assesses whether the respondent understands the questions being asked.

Attitudinal Scales

  • The most widely used type of attitudinal scale is the Likert scale.

Historical Records

  • Archival records are a type of historical records that may not be available when needed due to factors such as loss, destruction, or inaccessibility.

Scales

  • A semantic differential scale is a type of scale that is based on the Likert scale, used to measure attitudes and opinions.

Likert Scale

  • The main purpose of constructing Likert Scale statements is to measure attitudes and opinions by asking respondents to indicate their level of agreement or disagreement with a series of statements.

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