Darwin's Observations in Galapagos & Evolution Basics
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Questions and Answers

What did Darwin observe about the finches in the Galapagos Islands?

  • They were a different species altogether
  • They had no beaks at all
  • They had differently shaped beaks according to their location and food availability (correct)
  • They had the same shaped beaks regardless of their location
  • What is the definition of evolution?

  • A change in the frequency of a trait in a population over time (correct)
  • A change in the frequency of a gene in an individual over time
  • A change in the frequency of a gene in a population over time
  • A change in the frequency of a trait in an individual over time
  • What is a gene pool?

  • A collection of genes from all individuals in a population
  • A collection of chromosomes from all individuals in a population
  • A collection of alleles from all individuals in a population (correct)
  • A collection of traits from all individuals in a population
  • What is the mechanism of evolution that results from a drastic decrease in population size?

    <p>Genetic Drift</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between genetic bottleneck and founder effect?

    <p>Genetic bottleneck is a disaster that limits a population, while founder effect is when a few individuals leave their original population to make a colony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fitness in the context of evolution?

    <p>The ability to survive and reproduce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of evolution that introduces new genes into the gene pool?

    <p>Mutations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a population becomes reproductively isolated and forms a new species?

    <p>Allopatric speciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition in which a population's allele frequencies remain the same over time?

    <p>Genetic equilibrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for speciation to occur?

    <p>Reproductive isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of isolation occurs when two populations reproduce at different times?

    <p>Temporal isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the selection of mates based on heritable traits, such as size, strength, or coloration?

    <p>Sexual selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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