Daptomycin Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the classification of daptomycin?

Tetracyclines

Amino glycosides

Beta-lactams

Cyclic lipopeptides (correct)

What is the strength of daptomycin?

It can rapidly kill virtually all clinically relevant gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

How does daptomycin work?

It inserts itself into the bacterial cell membrane and forms channels that allow efflux of intracellular potassium, leading to depolarization of the cell membrane and inhibition of DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, which causes cell death.

What types of bacteria does daptomycin work against?

Gram-positive bacteria only. Signup and view all the answers

What are the indications for the use of daptomycin?

Bloodstream infections with Staphylococcus aureus and complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by susceptible strains of gram-positive bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for daptomycin?

It should not be used for community-acquired pneumonia, as the rate of death and serious cardiorespiratory events is higher compared to those receiving equally effective alternatives. Signup and view all the answers

What are the common adverse reactions to daptomycin?

Possible muscle injury, constipation, nausea, diarrhea, injection site reactions, headache, insomnia, and rash. It may also cause eosinophilic pneumonia. Signup and view all the answers

What nursing considerations should be taken into account when administering daptomycin?

It is given once a day by IV infusion. Discontinue if there is muscle pain or weakness or if CPK rises to 10 times the upper limit of normal. Signup and view all the answers

What should you monitor with daptomycin?

CPK levels weekly. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Daptomycin Overview

Classified as cyclic lipopeptides; represents a new class of antibiotics.
Rapidly kills most clinically relevant gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Mechanism of Action

Inserts into bacterial cell membranes, forming channels.
Permits efflux of intracellular potassium, leading to depolarization of the cell membrane.
Inhibits DNA, RNA, and protein synthesis, resulting in cell death.

Spectrum of Activity

Effective exclusively against gram-positive bacteria.

Indications for Use

Approved for bloodstream infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.
Suitable for complicated skin and skin structure infections from susceptible gram-positive strains.

Contraindications

Not recommended for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); associated with higher rates of death and serious cardiopulmonary events compared to equally effective alternatives.

Adverse Reactions

Common adverse effects include muscle injury, constipation, nausea, diarrhea, injection site reactions, headache, insomnia, and rash.
Risk of eosinophilic pneumonia may occur.

Nursing Considerations

Administered once daily via IV infusion.
Discontinue therapy if patients experience muscle pain or weakness or if creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels rise to 10 times the upper limit of normal.

Monitoring

CPK levels should be monitored weekly to assess for potential muscle injury.

Description

Test your knowledge on daptomycin with these flashcards. Learn about its classification as a cyclic lipopeptide, its strength against bacteria, and its mechanism of action. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.