Dante's Purgatorio Quiz
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Questions and Answers

According to the content, what is the primary purpose of Dante's journey through Purgatory?

  • To escape from the clutches of the Devil and seek refuge.
  • To gain fame and recognition as a great poet in his lifetime.
  • To witness the punishments inflicted upon sinners in the afterlife.
  • To learn about Christian life, be purified of sins, and prepare for God. (correct)

    • According to the provided text, what time is the meeting with Manfred finished?

  • Late evening
  • Approximately 9 AM (correct)
  • Just before sunset
  • Around noon

    • Which of the following best describes the allegorical representation of Purgatorio?

  • The eternal struggle between good and evil.
  • The penitent Christian life of suffering and spiritual growth. (correct)
  • The ideal life devoid of sin and human frailty.
  • The journey toward worldly power and recognition.

    • Which of the following best describes the souls categorized as 'The Late Repentant'?

    <p>Those who repented at the last minute and those too lazy to repent fully. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the underlying cause of all sins, as depicted in Purgatorio?

    <p>Different forms of love- either perverted, deficient, or disordered. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the two keys used by the angel to open the gate of Purgatory?

    <p>Silver symbolizes remorse, and gold signifies reconciliation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a section of the Purgatorio mountain?

    <p>The Terrace of the Vainglorious (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement of the souls within 'The Late Repentant' before they can enter Purgatory?

    <p>They must spend time outside Purgatory equal to their time on earth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who serves as the general guardian of the approach to Mount Purgatory?

    <p>Cato, a pagan figure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first of the seven terraces that Dante and Virgil enter in Purgatory, and to whom is it dedicated?

    <p>Pride; dedicated to the prideful souls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what does the Purgatorio demonstrate about the medieval understanding of the Earth?

    <p>The Earth was a sphere. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the sculptures on the walls of the Terrace of Pride?

    <p>To provide examples of humility, the contrary of pride. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The excommunicates are delayed in Ante-Purgatory for how long?

    <p>A period thirty times as long as their period of contumacy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mentioned as a way to reduce a soul's time in Purgatory?

    <p>The prayers of those still alive and in God's grace. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the souls on the Terrace of Pride purging their sin?

    <p>By carrying immense stones on their bent backs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the three steps leading to the gate of Purgatory represent?

    <p>Purity, sorrow and redemption. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following figures is NOT depicted in the sculptures on the pavement of the first terrace, representing pride?

    <p>Aglauros (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the symbolic act performed by the angel at the exit of each terrace?

    <p>Removing a 'P' from Dante's forehead (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best characterizes the sin of the penitents on the second terrace?

    <p>Desiring what others have, to the point of harm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the physical condition of the envious penitents on the second terrace?

    <p>Their eyes are sewn shut with iron wire (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the voices on the second terrace exemplify?

    <p>Examples of generosity and envy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the experience of the wrathful penitents on the third terrace?

    <p>They walk around in acrid smoke (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main activity of the slothful penitents on the fourth terrace?

    <p>They are engaged in ceaseless activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scene from the life of the Virgin is featured on the fourth terrace, representing zeal?

    <p>The Visitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Earthly Paradise, located at the summit of Mount Purgatory, allegorically represent?

    <p>The state of innocence before the fall of Adam and Eve. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is Matilda in the Earthly Paradise?

    <p>A character who prepares Dante for his meeting with Beatrice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the griffin, which draws the chariot in the allegorical procession, symbolize?

    <p>The conjoined divinity and humanity of Christ. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the allegorical procession, which group represents the three theological virtues?

    <p>The three women coloured red, green and white. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the four women dressed in purple in the procession represent?

    <p>The four cardinal virtues. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Virgil disappear in the Earthly Paradise?

    <p>He represents non-Christian philosophy and cannot guide Dante further towards God. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of passing through the River Lethe?

    <p>It erases the memory of past sins. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the allegorical procession in the Earthly Paradise?

    <p>It's an allegory within the main allegory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Siren in Dante's dream on the second night in Purgatory symbolize?

    <p>Disordered or excessive love represented by greed, gluttony, and lust. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the act of penance and the prayer for souls on the fifth terrace, the Avaricious?

    <p>They lie on the ground face down, bound and pray Adhaesit pavimento anima mea. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the mysterious tremor on the terrace of the Avaricious, according to Statius?

    <p>A soul being ready to move onward from purgatory. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main form of punishment experienced by the souls on the sixth terrace, the Gluttonous?

    <p>They endure excruciating hunger and thirst while surrounded by unreachable fruit trees. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prayer is specifically associated with the souls on the sixth terrace, the Gluttonous?

    <p>Labia mea Domine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the lustful souls punished and what do they call out on the seventh terrace?

    <p>They are made to run through a great wall of fire while calling out examples of chastity. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Dante hesitant to enter the wall of flames on the terrace of the lustful?

    <p>He is afraid of the physical pain and fear of the process. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What motivates Dante to overcome his fear and enter the wall of flames on the seventh terrace?

    <p>Virgil's reminder of Beatrice in the Earthly Paradise. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Purgatorio

    The second section of Dante's Divine Comedy, detailing purification of souls.

    Virgil

    The Roman poet who guides Dante through Purgatory.

    Mount Purgatory

    The mountain in Purgatorio symbolizing the journey of penitent souls.

    Ante-Purgatory

    The section before climbing Purgatory, where unready souls await purification.

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    The Excommunicate

    Souls who are barred from Church sacraments and await purification.

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    Seven Deadly Sins

    Categories of sin addressed in Purgatorio, guiding souls' purification.

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    Earthly Paradise

    The ultimate goal of Dante’s climb, representing union with God.

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    Manfred of Sicily

    A notable excommunicate in Purgatorio, seeking redemption.

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    The Late Repentant

    Souls who repent late but are admitted to Purgatory.

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    Belacqua

    A representative Late Repentant known for indolence.

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    Peter's Gate

    The entrance to Purgatory, guarded by an angel.

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    The letter 'P'

    Drawn on Dante's forehead by the angel at Peter's Gate.

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    Seven Terraces

    Layers of Purgatory, each addressing a deadly sin.

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    Pride Terrace

    The first terrace for those who struggled with pride.

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    Omberto Aldobrandeschi

    A soul in Purgatory representing the prideful.

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    Sins and Purifications

    Each terrace purges a specific sin appropriately.

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    Pride in Purgatorio

    Sculptures illustrating pride include figures like Satan and Niobe.

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    Terrace 2: Envy

    The second terrace is for the envious, showcasing their harmed state and need for generosity.

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    Penitent's Cloaks

    Envious souls wear grey cloaks and have their eyes sewn shut, symbolizing their blindness to joy.

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    Generosity vs. Envy

    Souls hear examples of generosity contrasting with envy as they ascend the second terrace.

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    Terrace 3: Wrath

    The third terrace is for the wrathful, characterized by acrid smoke and visions of gentleness.

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    Dante's Vision of Gentleness

    Dante sees visions of gentleness as a counter to the wrathful nature of the souls here.

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    Terrace 4: Sloth

    The fourth terrace hosts the slothful, engaged in ceaseless activity to overcome their past failure to love.

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    Examples of Zeal

    Souls run around the fourth terrace calling out examples of zeal to counteract their former sloth.

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    Matilda

    A figure who prepares Dante for his meeting with Beatrice.

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    Beatrice

    Dante's historical muse and symbol of divine love and guidance.

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    Theological Virtues

    Three virtues represented by circling women: Love, Hope, and Faith.

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    Cardinal Virtues

    Four virtues represented by women in purple: Prudence, Justice, Temperance, Fortitude.

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    Griffin

    A symbol of Christ's dual nature, divine and human, pulling Beatrice's chariot.

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    River Lethe

    A river in the Earthly Paradise that erases the memory of past sins.

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    Allegorical Procession

    A symbolic event Dante witnesses, representing Biblical and Church history.

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    Terrace 5: Avarice

    The fifth terrace in Purgatory for souls guilty of greed and excessive desire for material goods.

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    Punishment of Avaricious

    Souls lie face down, bound with hands and feet, suffering for their greed.

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    Statius

    A Roman poet who joins Dante and Virgil on their journey; explains the tremors in Purgatory.

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    Terrace 6: Gluttony

    The sixth terrace in Purgatory for souls who indulged excessively in food and drink.

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    Punishment of Gluttonous

    Souls endure extreme hunger and thirst despite being surrounded by fruit-bearing trees.

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    Example of Temperance

    Voices in the trees provide lessons on self-control to gluttonous souls.

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    Terrace 7: Lust

    The seventh terrace for souls who succumbed to lust, where they must pass through flames.

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    Examples of Chastity

    Souls in the terrace of Lust call out examples of chastity as they run through flames.

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    Study Notes

    Purgatorio Overview

    • Purgatorio is the second section of Dante's Divine Comedy, an epic poem.
    • It follows Inferno and tells the story of Dante's climb up Mount Purgatory.
    • Dante is accompanied by Virgil, another Italian poet.
    • The journey is intended to teach Dante about Christian life, God's love, and purify him of his sins.

    Allegorical Representation

    • Purgatory is allegorically a mountain in the Southern Hemisphere.
    • It represents the penitent Christian life.
    • It consists of a bottom section (Ante-Purgatory), seven levels of suffering, and the Earthly Paradise at the top, corresponding to seven deadly sins.

    Ante-Purgatory

    • At the shores of Purgatory, Dante and Virgil meet Cato.
    • Cato guides them through the approach to the mountain.
    • Ante-Purgatory contains souls whose Christian life was delayed or insufficient.
    • These include the excommunicate and the late repentant.

    The Excommunicate

    • Excommunicated souls are detained at the base of the cliff.
    • Their stay is thirty times longer than their period of contumacy.
    • Manfred of Sicily is an example of an excommunicate.
    • Prayer from the living can reduce a soul's time in Purgatory.

    The Late Repentant

    • Includes those too lazy or preoccupied to repent.
    • Includes those who repented at the last minute without proper rites and those who died violent deaths.
    • Includes negligent rulers.
    • These souls must wait outside for a period of time equal to their earthly lives before entering Purgatory.

    The Seven Terraces

    • Virgil guides Dante through the terraces, each corresponding to a deadly sin.
    • The terraces cleanse souls through hardship or penance.
    • The sins include pride, envy, wrath, sloth, avarice, gluttony, and lust.

    Terrace 1: The Proud (Pride)

    • The first terrace is filled with prideful souls.
    • The walls are adorned with sculptures illustrating humility, the opposite of pride.
    • Souls must carry heavy weights to atone for pride.

    Terrace 2: The Envious (Envy)

    • Filled with souls who spent their lives envying others.
    • They cannot see the path ahead.
    • Their eyes are patched, symbolizing the inability to see beyond covetousness.

    Terrace 3: The Wrathful (Wrath)

    • Souls are surrounded by acrid smoke.
    • Dante has visions of gentleness as a counterpoint to the wrath.
    • Marco Lombardo is mentioned in a conversation about free will.
    • The prayer for this terrace is the Agnus Dei.

    Terrace 4: The Slothful (Sloth)

    • Souls exemplify deficient love; they were too lazy or indifferent to act in love.
    • The slothful are depicted as busy, contrasting with the lackadaisical lifestyle of their earthly existence.
    • The Visitation scene is highlighted, stressing Mary’s quick and determined action.

    Terrace 5: The Avaricious (Avarice)

    • Souls are lying face down, punished for extreme greed and material desire.
    • The prayer for this terrace is taken from Psalm 119:25.

    Terrace 6: The Gluttonous (Gluttony)

    • Souls experience intense hunger and thirst in a place with abundant food.
    • Dante encounters his friend Forese Donati and his predecessor Bonagiunta.
    • The opposite virtue, temperance, is highlighted in the trees with fruit.
    • The prayer is "Labia mea Domine."

    Terrace 7: The Lustful (Lust)

    • Souls must run through a great wall of flames.
    • They must demonstrate chastity (the opposite of lust).
    • Dante hesitates, but Virgil encourages him.
    • Beatrice's presence draws them toward the Earthly Paradise.

    The Earthly Paradise

    • Represents the summit of Mount Purgatory and the state of innocence.
    • Matilda welcomes Dante and prepares him for Beatrice.
    • A procession of allegorical figures symbolizes different aspects of Christian thought.

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