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Questions and Answers
What is Danis-Weber Type A? Which Lauge-Hansen classification would it be in?
What is Danis-Weber Type A? Which Lauge-Hansen classification would it be in?
Fracture line below tib-fib syndesmosis. = SAD
What is Danis-Weber Type B? Which Lauge-Hansen classification would it be in?
What is Danis-Weber Type B? Which Lauge-Hansen classification would it be in?
Fracture line at the level of tib-fib syndesmosis = Straight oblique --> PAD; = Spiral oblique --> SER
What is Danis-Weber Type C? Which Lauge-Hansen classification would it be in?
What is Danis-Weber Type C? Which Lauge-Hansen classification would it be in?
Fracture line above tib-fib syndesmosis = Straight oblique --> Pronation dorsiflexion; = Spiral oblique --> PER
What are the 4 Lauge-Hansen classifications for an ankle fracture? Additionally, indicate if it's due to a direct blow injury or clockwork injury.
What are the 4 Lauge-Hansen classifications for an ankle fracture? Additionally, indicate if it's due to a direct blow injury or clockwork injury.
What are the 2 stages for SAD (supination adduction)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be?
What are the 2 stages for SAD (supination adduction)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be?
What are the 4 stages for SER (supination external rotation)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be? Also name the specific avulsion fractures you would see at each.
What are the 4 stages for SER (supination external rotation)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be? Also name the specific avulsion fractures you would see at each.
What are the 3 stages for PAB (pronation abduction)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be?
What are the 3 stages for PAB (pronation abduction)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be?
What are the 4 stages for PER (pronation external rotation)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be? Also name the specific avulsion fractures you would see at each.
What are the 4 stages for PER (pronation external rotation)? What Danis-Weber classification would this be? Also name the specific avulsion fractures you would see at each.
What are Tillaux-Chaput and Wagstaffe avulsion fractures? Which stages of Lauge-Hansen do they occur?
What are Tillaux-Chaput and Wagstaffe avulsion fractures? Which stages of Lauge-Hansen do they occur?
What is a Volkmann avulsion fracture? Which stages of Lauge-Hansen does it occur in?
What is a Volkmann avulsion fracture? Which stages of Lauge-Hansen does it occur in?
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Study Notes
Danis-Weber Classification
- Type A: Fracture line located below the tibiofibular syndesmosis; associated with Supination Adduction (SAD) injury mechanism.
- Type B: Fracture line at the level of the tibiofibular syndesmosis; corresponds to two potential mechanisms: Straight Oblique (PAD) or Spiral Oblique (SER).
- Type C: Fracture line above the tibiofibular syndesmosis; linked with Pronation Dorsiflexion injuries, classified as either Straight Oblique (PER) or Spiral Oblique.
Lauge-Hansen Classifications
- Four classifications for ankle fractures:
- SAD: results from a direct blow.
- SER: caused by a clockwork injury.
- PAB: occurrence due to a direct blow.
- PER: attributed to a clockwork injury.
Supination Adduction (SAD) Stages
- SAD-I: Straight transverse fracture of the lateral malleolus below the ankle joint (or lateral collateral ligament rupture); classified as Danis-Weber A.
- SAD-II: Oblique fracture of the medial malleolus; sequence of lateral fracture leading to medial fracture.
Supination External Rotation (SER) Stages
- SER-I: Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (AITFL) rupture or Tillaux-Chaput (tibia) / Wagstaffe (fibula) avulsion fracture.
- SER-II: Spiral oblique fracture of the lateral malleolus at the ankle joint; classified as Danis-Weber B.
- SER-III: Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular Ligament (PITFL) rupture or Volkmann's avulsion fracture of the posterior lip of the tibia.
- SER-IV: Straight transverse fracture of the medial malleolus or deltoid ligament rupture; reflects the transition from lateral to medial injury.
Pronation Abduction (PAB) Stages
- PAB-I: Straight transverse fracture of the medial malleolus or deltoid ligament rupture.
- PAB-II: Rupture of both AITFL and PITFL without diastasis.
- PAB-III: Straight oblique fracture of the lateral malleolus at the ankle joint; classified as Danis-Weber B.
Pronation External Rotation (PER) Stages
- PER-I: Straight transverse fracture of the medial malleolus or deltoid ligament rupture.
- PER-II: AITFL rupture accompanied by tibiofibular interosseous membrane tear (diastasis) or presence of Tillaux-Chaput / Wagstaffe fragments.
- PER-III: Spiral oblique fracture of the fibula above the ankle joint; classified as Danis-Weber C.
- PER-IV: Volkmann's avulsion fracture of the posterior lip of the tibia or rupture of the PITFL; indicates the progression of the injury.
Avulsion Fractures
- Tillaux-Chaput Fracture: Occurs at the anterolateral tubercle of the tibia; associated with Lauge-Hansen classifications SER I, PAB II, and PER II.
- Wagstaffe Fracture: Located at the anterior portion of the fibula; linked to Lauge-Hansen classifications SER I, PAB II, and PER II.
- Volkmann's Fracture: Involves the posterior lip of the tibia; seen in classifications SER III and PER IV.
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