Dangerous Area of the Scalp: Quiz

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What is one first-aid measure described in the text to stop life-threatening scalp-hemorrhage?

Applying pressure to the area above the ears and eyebrows (correct)

Firmly massaging the scalp

Applying a warm compress to the area of hemorrhage

Applying ice to the area of hemorrhage

Which veins connect the intracranial dural venous sinuses with the veins outside the cranium?

Emissary veins (correct)

Superficial temporal veins

Diploic veins

Facial veins

How are diploic veins described in the text?

Developing only after 10 years of age

With thin walls and devoid of valves (correct)

Connecting the scalp with the facial artery

Thick-walled and containing valves

Where do the supratrochlear and supraorbital veins join each other according to the text?

At the medial angle of the eye Signup and view all the answers

Which emissary vein communicates with the superior sagittal sinus?

Parietal emissary vein Signup and view all the answers

What is the layer of loose areolar tissue beneath the aponeurotic layer responsible for?

Allowing free mobility of the scalp on the underlying bone Signup and view all the answers

In which layer does blood and fluid collect following a blow on the head, causing generalized swelling over the dome of the skull?

Layer of loose areolar tissue Signup and view all the answers

How many veins drain the scalp on each side of the midline according to the text?

Five veins Signup and view all the answers

Why can blood and fluid track forward into the eyelids after a head injury?

Absence of bony attachment anteriorly in occipitofrontalis Signup and view all the answers

What can happen when hairs are caught in machinery according to the text?

Scalp proper is avulsed Signup and view all the answers

What is the commonest cause of black eye according to the text?

Local violence like fist fights Signup and view all the answers

How is black discoloration around the eyes, known as black eye, caused?

By subcutaneous extravasation of blood into eyelids Signup and view all the answers

What layer of the scalp is known as the dangerous layer and why?

Loose areolar tissue, because blood and pus can easily accumulate leading to intracranial complications. Signup and view all the answers

What is a safety-valve hematoma in the context of scalp hemorrhage?

A collection of blood in the subaponeurotic space due to cranial vault fracture. Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of pus collecting in the dangerous layer of the scalp?

Infection may travel along emissary veins into the intracranial dural venous sinuses, leading to thrombosis. Signup and view all the answers

How can a fracture of the cranial vault in children be associated with scalp hemorrhage?

By tearing the dura mater and pericranium, leading to blood communication with the subaponeurotic space through fracture lines. Signup and view all the answers

Which veins play a role in the potential fatal complications related to scalp infections?

Emissary veins, due to their connection with intracranial dural venous sinuses. Signup and view all the answers

What first-aid measures can be taken for scalp hemorrhage associated with fractures in children?

Apply direct pressure on the wound and elevate the head to reduce bleeding. Signup and view all the answers