Questions and Answers
What is dacryoadenitis?
Dacryoadenitis is inflammation of lacrimal (tear-producing) glands usually caused by bacteria or a virus.
What is dacryocystitis?
Dacryocystitis is infectious obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct.
Dacryocystitis and dacryoadenitis are usually unilateral.
True
Does dacryocystitis or dacryoadenitis appear medially?
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What are common causes of acute dacryoadenitis? (Select all that apply)
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What are common causes of chronic dacryoadenitis? (Select all that apply)
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What are the causes of dacryoadenitis?
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What is the diagnosis of dacryocystitis and dacryoadenitis based on?
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What is the treatment for dacryoadenitis?
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What is the treatment for acute dacryocystitis?
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Study Notes
Dacryoadenitis
- Inflammation of the lacrimal glands, primarily due to bacterial or viral infections.
- Typically appears in the supratemporal region, indicating an upper and outer location of inflammation.
Dacryocystitis
- Characterized by infectious obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct, located in the inferomedial region.
- Most cases are unilateral, affecting only one eye.
Unilateral vs. Bilateral
- Both dacryoadenitis and dacryocystitis typically manifest unilaterally.
Location Differentiation
- Dacryocystitis presents medially (inferomedial), while dacryoadenitis is located more superiorly and laterally.
- Mnemonic: Remember "C" for "Cystitis" to associate medial location.
Causes of Acute Dacryoadenitis
- Primarily caused by viral infections (e.g., mumps, Epstein-Barr virus) and bacterial infections (e.g., Staphylococcus, Gonococcus).
- Urgent identification of infection type is key for appropriate treatment.
Causes of Chronic Dacryoadenitis
- More commonly linked to noninfectious inflammatory disorders such as sarcoidosis, thyroid eye disease, and orbital pseudotumor.
Causes of Dacryocystitis
- Often due to obstruction from stones, debris, or congenital defects like dacryostenosis, which can occur in young children.
Diagnosis
- Diagnosis relies mainly on clinical observation.
- A CT scan of the orbits may be conducted if symptoms persist chronically.
Treatment of Dacryoadenitis
- Viral causes (e.g., mumps) may only require rest and warm compresses.
- Treatment tailored to the specific underlying condition for non-viral causes.
Treatment of Dacryocystitis
- Acute dacryocystitis (less than 3 months) is managed with systemic antibiotics.
- Chronic dacryocystitis (more than 3 months) often necessitates surgical intervention to address the underlying cause.
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Test your knowledge on dacryoadenitis and dacryocystitis with these informative flashcards. Each card presents key definitions and concepts related to inflammation of the lacrimal glands and nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Perfect for medical students preparing for the Smarty PANCE.
