NUCLEIC ACID

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Which biomolecule is responsible for the storage and expression of genetic information?

Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids (correct)
Carbohydrates

What are the two types of nucleic acids mentioned in the text?

Thymine and Cytosine
RNA and DNA (correct)
Adenine and Guanine
Ribose and Deoxyribose

What is the basic structure of a nucleotide according to the text?

Hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen
Adenine, thymine, and cytosine
Ribose, deoxyribose, and guanine
Phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base (correct)

Which component makes up the backbone of a polynucleotide chain?

Phosphate (D) Signup and view all the answers

How many hydrogen bonds are there between adenine and thymine in DNA according to the text?

2 hydrogen bonds (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the rule mentioned in the text regarding the base pairing in DNA?

A-T = C-G (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nucleic acid is right-handed?

B DNA (A) Signup and view all the answers

Given a DNA with 11% C, what is the A %?

39% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the nitrogenous bases found in RNA according to the text?

Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which component forms phosphodiester bonds in a nucleic acid chain according to the text?

Phosphate (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of helix is formed by DNA according to the text?

Double helix (C) Signup and view all the answers

During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA helix?

Topoisomerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

In DNA replication, what is the role of primase?

Initiating the formation of the RNA primer (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in the termination of transcription in prokaryotes by recognizing specific DNA sequences?

Rho-dependent termination factor (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in prokaryotic translation?

Promoting ribosomal binding to the mRNA (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) during translation?

Bringing amino acids to the ribosome (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'degenerate' in relation to the genetic code?

Some amino acids have multiple codons that code for them (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of mutation results in a change from a purine base to another purine base?

Transition (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which post-translational modification involves the folding of a newly synthesized protein into its correct three-dimensional structure?

Folding (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chaperone proteins in post-translational modifications?

Assisting in protein folding (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for proofreading the newly synthesized DNA during replication and making corrections?

DNA polymerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of termination factor Rho in prokaryotic transcription?

Causing dissociation of RNA polymerase from DNA template at specific sequences (B) Signup and view all the answers

During translation, which molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome based on the mRNA codon?

Transfer RNA (tRNA) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Nucleic acids: Genetic information

Nucleic acids are biomolecules responsible for storing and expressing genetic information.

Types of nucleic acids

RNA and DNA are the two primary types of nucleic acids.