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Questions and Answers

Which physiographical region of Canada is characterized by flat, fertile land, making it ideal for agriculture?

  • The Cordillera Mountains
  • The Appalachian Mountains
  • The Canadian Shield
  • The Interior Plains (correct)

The Earth's inner core is composed primarily of liquid iron and nickel.

False (B)

What type of tectonic plate boundary is characterized by plates sliding past each other horizontally?

Transform boundary

__________ is a type of geological alteration that occurs when hot water reacts with rocks, changing their mineral composition.

<p>Hydrothermal alteration</p>
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Match the following processes with their primary actions:

<p>Weathering = Breaks down rocks and minerals at the Earth's surface Erosion = Involves the transport of weathered material Metamorphism = Alters rocks through heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids Hydrothermal Alteration = Occurs when hot water reacts with rocks</p>
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Which erosion process is most prominent in arid regions, involving the transport of sand and dust over long distances?

<p>Wind erosion (C)</p>
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Tectonic forces are considered gradational forces that wear down surface materials.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What potential environmental impact is most directly associated with forestry practices like clear-cutting?

<p>Deforestation</p>
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__________ was the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago, comprising all the major landmasses.

<p>Pangea</p>
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Tuzo Wilson is best known for his concepts of hotspots and what other geological feature?

<p>Transform faults (C)</p>
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Which of Earth's layers is responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field?

<p>Outer Core (C)</p>
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At divergent plate boundaries, plates move toward each other, resulting in subduction or mountain building.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Name one of the primary agents involved in the erosion process.

<p>Water</p>
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The Canadian __________ is a vast expanse of ancient rock, forming the geological core of Canada.

<p>Shield</p>
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Which physiographic region is known for its towering peaks and valleys in western Canada?

<p>Cordillera Mountains (B)</p>
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Which of the following is a consequence of mining activities?

<p>Habitat destruction (A)</p>
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Alfred Wegener's theory of continental drift was immediately accepted by the scientific community.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Match the Earth's layers with their descriptions:

<p>Crust = Outermost solid layer Mantle = Thick, mostly solid layer beneath the crust Outer Core = Liquid layer composed mainly of iron and nickel Inner Core = Solid, dense sphere of iron and nickel at the Earth's center</p>
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Flashcards

Canadian Shield

A vast expanse of ancient rock forming Canada's geological core.

Interior Plains

Flat, fertile land in central Canada, ideal for farming.

Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Lowlands

Fertile and densely populated area around the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River.

Appalachian Mountains

Old, eroded mountains with a distinct geological history in eastern Canada.

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Cordillera Mountains

Complex region of high peaks and deep valleys in western Canada.

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Arctic Lands

Cold, sparsely populated northern region with unique geological features.

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Hudson Bay Lowlands

Flat, poorly drained area around Hudson Bay.

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Earth's Crust

The outermost solid layer of the Earth, divided into oceanic and continental types.

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Earth's Mantle

Thick, mostly solid layer beneath the crust, where convection currents drive plate tectonics.

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Earth's Outer Core

Liquid layer composed mainly of iron and nickel, generates Earth's magnetic field.

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Earth's Inner Core

Solid, dense sphere of iron and nickel at Earth's center.

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Divergent Boundaries

Plates move apart, magma rises, creating new crust

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Convergent Boundaries

Plates collide, leading to subduction, mountain building or volcanic activity

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Transform Boundaries

Plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes.

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Weathering

Breaks down rocks and minerals via physical and chemical processes.

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Erosion

Transport of weathered material by wind, water or ice.

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Metamorphism

Alters rocks through heat, pressure or chemically active fluids.

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Hydrothermal Alteration

Hot water reacts with rocks, changing mineral composition.

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Mass Wasting

Downslope movement of soil and rock due to gravity.

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Alfred Wegener

Proposed continental drift, that continents have moved over time.

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Study Notes

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