Cytoskeleton Functions and Composition

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What is the function of centrosomes during cell division?

Generating energy for cellular activities

Synthesizing DNA for chromosome replication

Producing ribosomes for protein synthesis

Nucleating microtubules to help form the mitotic spindle (correct)

Which organelle is the centrosome a form of?

Mitochondria

Lysosomes

Golgi Apparatus

Centrioles (correct)

What is the primary function of microtubules in neurons?

Cell division

Synthesizing proteins

Storing genetic information

Transporting organelles and materials within the cell (correct)

Which disease has been associated with reduced microtubule stability?

Alzheimer's disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the size comparison between microfilaments and microtubules?

Microfilaments are smaller than microtubules Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of microfilaments in terms of assembly and disassembly?

Exhibit dynamic assembly and disassembly known as treadmilling Signup and view all the answers

Which biological process involves microfilaments primarily?

Cell transport Signup and view all the answers

Which function is NOT attributed to the cytoskeleton in the text?

Generating energy for cellular processes Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of microtubules based on the text?

They help prevent cell collapse as support beams Signup and view all the answers

How are microtubules described in terms of dynamics?

They switch between shrinking and growing states Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of microtubules according to the text?

Dimers of α- and β-Tubulin forming polymer sheets Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the formation of Microtubule Organizing Centres (MTOCs) in cells?

Centrioles Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the structure of microtubules?

Hollow tubes made up of polymerized α- and β-Tubulin dimers Signup and view all the answers

What feature enables microtubules to withstand some compression according to the text?

The lumen running through them Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins form dimers to create microtubules?

'α'-Tubulin and 'β'-Tubulin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Microtubule Organizing Centres (MTOCs) in cells?

Mitosis regulation Signup and view all the answers

What is a key aspect of the dynamics of microtubules?

Rapid addition or removal of dimers at their dynamic ends Signup and view all the answers

How do microtubules bypass the need for a 'seed' during their formation?

Utilizing γ-tubulin and accessory protein Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microtubules is responsible for forming a contractile ring around the 'waist' of the cell during cell division?

Interpolar microtubules Signup and view all the answers

Which disease has shown a decrease in microtubule stability as observed in the text?

Motor neurone disease Signup and view all the answers

What type of filaments are keratin intermediate fibers that resist shear stress in epithelial cells of the airway?

Intermediate filaments Signup and view all the answers

In response to signals downstream of cell surface receptors, which cytoskeletal network protrudes to facilitate endocytosis?

Actin filaments Signup and view all the answers

Which group of intermediate filaments is the largest based on sequence similarity?

Type I and Type II keratins Signup and view all the answers