Cytoskeleton Flashcards

What is the cytoskeleton?

What are the primary types of fibers comprising the cytoskeleton?

What is the structure of microfilaments?

What protein makes up microfilaments?

What is one function of microfilaments?

What is the structure of microtubules?

What proteins comprise microtubules?

Which of the following is a function of microtubules?

What is the structure of intermediate filaments?

What type of proteins are intermediate filaments primarily made of?

What is one function of intermediate filaments?

Cytoskeleton Overview

Composed of intracellular proteins providing structure, support, stability, and movement to cells.
Major structural components are microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments.

Microfilaments

Structure: Formed from polymers of actin.
Protein: Made primarily of actin.
Functions:
- Maintain cell shape and integrity.
- Facilitate muscle contraction.
- Involved in cytoplasmic streaming (movement of the cell’s fluid).
- Contribute to cell motility (movement) and locomotion.
- Play a crucial role in cell division, particularly in cytokinesis.

Microtubules

Structure: Hollow tubes made from polymers of tubulin molecules.
Proteins: Comprised of alpha and beta tubulin dimers.
Functions:
- Essential for maintaining cell shape and structure.
- Support cell motility and motion.
- Participate in chromosome movement during cell division.
- Aid in the transport of organelles within the cell.

Intermediate Filaments

Structure: Composed of fibrous proteins.
Proteins: Include keratin-type proteins.
Functions:
- Provide mechanical support to maintain cell shape.
- Support the integrity of the cell membrane.

Explore the key components of the cytoskeleton through these flashcards. Learn about microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments, along with their structures and functions. Perfect for students studying cell biology.