Cytology: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
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Questions and Answers

What is the main component of the plant cell wall?

  • Lipids
  • Cellulose (correct)
  • Proteins
  • Starch

Which organelle is responsible for capturing light energy in plant cells?

  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Chloroplast (correct)
  • Mitochondria
  • Nucleus

Which type of vacuole in a plant cell helps in maintaining the size and turgidity of the cell?

  • Secretory vacuole
  • Contractile vacuole
  • Central vacuole (correct)
  • Food vacuole

Which component of the cytoskeleton gives shape to the cell and supports its internal parts?

<p>Microfilament (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a plant cell from an animal cell?

<p>Presence of chloroplasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which kingdom did Carl Linnaeus categorize plants?

<p>Regnum Vegetable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term did Ernst Haeckel coin in 1866 to categorize single-celled organisms?

<p>Protista (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cell contains a true nucleus bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope?

<p>Eukaryotic cell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the plasma membrane in a cell?

<p>Functions as a selective barrier and allows sufficient passage of nutrients and waste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does protein synthesis occur in the cell?

<p>Free ribosomes in the cytosol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

<p>Mitochondria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the synthesis of ribosomes and rRNA occur in a eukaryotic cell?

<p>Nucleolus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lysosomes in a cell?

<p>Digestive compartments with strong hydrolytic enzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells?

<p>Contain a true nucleus bounded by a membranous nuclear envelope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cellular part functions as a selective barrier and allows sufficient passage of nutrients and waste?

<p>Plasma membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

<p>Manufacture, process, and package of certain macromolecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do free ribosomes produce proteins needed in the cell?

<p>Cytoplasm (within the cell) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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