10 Questions
Which of the following is a long finger-like projection composed of microfilaments on the surface of certain cells, such as absorptive cells of the small intestine?
Microvilli
What are hair-like processes composed of microtubules on the free surface of certain cells, such as epithelial cells of some parts of the respiratory tract?
Cilia
Which type of cell junction connects adjacent cells together where the two cell membranes fuse with each other by their outer layers and the intercellular space between them is absent?
Tight junction (zonula occludens)
What type of cell junction has narrowing of the intercellular space between two adjacent cells to become 2 nm (normally it is 20 nm), for example, in cardiac muscle cells?
Gap junction
In which specialized structure are the intercellular spaces between two adjacent cells normal (20 nm), such as in the intestinal absorptive cells?
Desmosome
What are the functions of Microvilli and where are they found in the body?
Microvilli are long finger-like projections composed of microfilaments on the surface of certain cells, such as absorptive cells of the small intestine. They increase the surface area of these cells.
Describe the structure of Cilia and their function in the body.
Cilia are hair-like processes composed of microtubules on the free surface of certain cells, such as epithelial cells of some parts of the respiratory tract. They move in one direction and push away mucus and harmful materials.
What is the difference between Flagella and Cilia in terms of structure and location?
Flagella resemble cilia in general structure but are longer and are present only in spermatozoa.
Explain the three types of Cell junctions and provide an example of each.
The three types of cell junctions are Tight junction (e.g. intestinal absorptive cells), Gap junction (e.g. cardiac muscle), and Desmosome (normal intercellular space between two adjacent cells).
What is the role of cell membrane specializations in the overall function of cells?
Cell membrane specializations such as microvilli, cilia, flagella, and cell junctions play crucial roles in increasing surface area, aiding in movement and transportation, and connecting cells together.
This quiz covers the specialization of the cell membrane, the definition of cytoplasmic cell organelles, and the structure and functions of mitochondria. Topics include microvilli, cilia, flagella, cell junctions, and the composition of microfilaments.
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