Cytology Basics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of cytology?

  • Interaction of different organisms
  • Structure and function of cells (correct)
  • Chemical processes in living organisms
  • Study of genetic material in organisms

Which of the following is NOT a level of organization in living things?

  • Organs
  • Molecules (correct)
  • Cells
  • Tissues

What is the primary function of the plasma membrane?

  • Storage of genetic information
  • Energy production
  • Barrier to keep cell contents in and unwanted substances out (correct)
  • Protein synthesis

What distinguishes rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) from smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

<p>RER has ribosomes on its surface (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are ribosomes primarily responsible for?

<p>Synthesis of proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

<p>Detoxification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of cell weight is represented by water?

<p>70% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is found in the Golgi Apparatus?

<p>Flattened, disk-shaped membranous cisternae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?

<p>Maturation and activation of proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Cytology?

The branch of biology and medicine that focuses on the study of cells, including their structure and function.

What is the Plasma Membrane?

A thin membrane that surrounds every living cell, acting as a barrier and controlling the passage of substances in and out.

What is the function of Ribosomes?

The process of synthesizing proteins from amino acids.

What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)?

A network of interconnected sacs and tubules involved in various cellular processes.

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What is the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)?

The type of ER that has ribosomes attached to its surface, involved in protein synthesis and secretion.

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What is the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)?

The type of ER lacking ribosomes, responsible for lipid synthesis and detoxification.

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What is the Golgi Apparatus (GA)?

A stack of flattened, disk-shaped membrane-bound sacs involved in processing and packaging cellular products.

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What is membrane transport?

The process of moving substances across the plasma membrane, either passively or actively.

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Cis-Face of the Golgi Apparatus

The side of the Golgi apparatus facing the nucleus where transport vesicles fuse.

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Trans-face of the Golgi Apparatus

The side of the Golgi apparatus facing the plasma membrane where secretory vesicles form.

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Lysosomes

Organelles that contain digestive enzymes that hydrolyze proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates.

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Mitochondria

Powerhouses of the cells that produce energy in the form of ATP.

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Cytoskeleton

A network of protein filaments that provides structural support and helps with movement within the cell.

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Nucleus

The control center of the cell that contains the genetic material, DNA.

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Apoptosis

A process of programmed cell death where the cell self-destructs in a controlled manner.

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