Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a property of cytokines?
Which of the following is NOT a property of cytokines?
- Cytokine action may be local or systemic
- Cytokines often influence the synthesis and actions of other cytokines
- Cytokines have a single effect (correct)
- Cytokine secretion is a brief, self-limited event
True or False: Cytokines are high molecular proteins.
True or False: Cytokines are high molecular proteins.
- False (correct)
- True
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cytokines?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cytokines?
- They may stimulate the activity of target cells
- They may inhibit the activity of target cells
- They may inhibit proliferation in target cells (correct)
- They may induce differentiation in target cells
Which of the following is a characteristic of cytokines?
Which of the following is a characteristic of cytokines?
What type of cells secrete cytokines?
What type of cells secrete cytokines?
Which of the following best describes the pleiotropic nature of cytokines?
Which of the following best describes the pleiotropic nature of cytokines?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the diversity of cytokines?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the diversity of cytokines?
What is the cellular response to most cytokines?
What is the cellular response to most cytokines?
What regulates the responsiveness of cells to cytokines?
What regulates the responsiveness of cells to cytokines?
Which type of cells primarily produce cytokines in response to specific recognition of foreign antigens?
Which type of cells primarily produce cytokines in response to specific recognition of foreign antigens?
Which cytokine is produced by mononuclear phagocytes in response to infectious agents?
Which cytokine is produced by mononuclear phagocytes in response to infectious agents?
Which category of cytokines is mainly produced by mononuclear phagocytes in response to infectious agents?
Which category of cytokines is mainly produced by mononuclear phagocytes in response to infectious agents?
Which cells primarily produce cytokines in the category of Stimulators of Haematopoiesis?
Which cells primarily produce cytokines in the category of Stimulators of Haematopoiesis?
Which cytokines are included in the category of Mediators and Regulators of Innate Immunity?
Which cytokines are included in the category of Mediators and Regulators of Innate Immunity?
Which cytokine is responsible for improving the access of effector cells at the site of infection?
Which cytokine is responsible for improving the access of effector cells at the site of infection?
Which cytokine is responsible for increasing vascular permeability and activating NK cells?
Which cytokine is responsible for increasing vascular permeability and activating NK cells?
Which cytokine is responsible for recruiting leukocytes?
Which cytokine is responsible for recruiting leukocytes?
Which cytokine is associated with lymphocyte activation and can contribute to the development of fever?
Which cytokine is associated with lymphocyte activation and can contribute to the development of fever?
Which cytokine is responsible for the activation of Macrophages?
Which cytokine is responsible for the activation of Macrophages?
Which cytokine is responsible for the activation, growth, and differentiation of T cells, B cells, and NK cells?
Which cytokine is responsible for the activation, growth, and differentiation of T cells, B cells, and NK cells?
Which cytokine is responsible for the differentiation of naive T Helper T cells to T helper 2 (TH2) Cells, and differentiation of B cells into plasma cells?
Which cytokine is responsible for the differentiation of naive T Helper T cells to T helper 2 (TH2) Cells, and differentiation of B cells into plasma cells?
Which cytokine stimulates Haematopoietic stem cells to produce granulocytes and monocytes?
Which cytokine stimulates Haematopoietic stem cells to produce granulocytes and monocytes?
Which cytokine binds to the IFNGR and upregulates antigen presentation and lysosomal activity in Macrophages?
Which cytokine binds to the IFNGR and upregulates antigen presentation and lysosomal activity in Macrophages?
Which cells primarily produce Interferon ɤ?
Which cells primarily produce Interferon ɤ?
Which receptor does Interleukin 2 bind to?
Which receptor does Interleukin 2 bind to?
Which cytokine stimulates B cell growth and increases antibody secretion?
Which cytokine stimulates B cell growth and increases antibody secretion?
Which cytokine prevents apoptosis of lymphocytes?
Which cytokine prevents apoptosis of lymphocytes?
Which cytokine is the central regulator of IgE synthesis, goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus hypersecretion, and airway hyper-responsiveness?
Which cytokine is the central regulator of IgE synthesis, goblet cell hyperplasia, mucus hypersecretion, and airway hyper-responsiveness?
Which type of interferons protect neighboring cells from viral infection and increase the expression of MHC molecules on the surface of neighboring cells?
Which type of interferons protect neighboring cells from viral infection and increase the expression of MHC molecules on the surface of neighboring cells?
Which type of interferons activate Natural Killer Cells?
Which type of interferons activate Natural Killer Cells?
Which cells can produce Type I interferons in response to viral infection?
Which cells can produce Type I interferons in response to viral infection?
Which of the following is NOT the role of Type I interferons?
Which of the following is NOT the role of Type I interferons?
Which of the following conditions CANNOT be treated with Type I interferons?
Which of the following conditions CANNOT be treated with Type I interferons?
What is the role of Interleukin 8 (IL8 or CXCL8)?
What is the role of Interleukin 8 (IL8 or CXCL8)?
Which receptors do Interleukin 8 (IL8) bind to?
Which receptors do Interleukin 8 (IL8) bind to?
Which cells primarily produce Interleukin 8 (IL8)?
Which cells primarily produce Interleukin 8 (IL8)?
What is the main function of chemokines?
What is the main function of chemokines?
How do chemokines exert their effects on target cells?
How do chemokines exert their effects on target cells?
How does the chemotactic response occur in the presence of a chemokine gradient?
How does the chemotactic response occur in the presence of a chemokine gradient?
Which of the following is NOT a function of chemokines?
Which of the following is NOT a function of chemokines?
What is the function of chemokines in guiding leukocytes to sites of infection or tissue damage?
What is the function of chemokines in guiding leukocytes to sites of infection or tissue damage?
Which cells display high concentrations of chemokines on their surface?
Which cells display high concentrations of chemokines on their surface?
Which of the following is a function of homeostatic chemokines?
Which of the following is a function of homeostatic chemokines?
What is the term used for chemokines produced constitutively by stromal cells in tissues?
What is the term used for chemokines produced constitutively by stromal cells in tissues?
What are the two main functions of chemokines?
What are the two main functions of chemokines?
What induces the production of chemokines?
What induces the production of chemokines?
Which of the following is NOT a function of chemokines?
Which of the following is NOT a function of chemokines?
Which chemokine is constitutively expressed in the thymus and specifically binds to T cells?
Which chemokine is constitutively expressed in the thymus and specifically binds to T cells?
Which chemokine selectively recruits eosinophils and is implicated in allergic disease?
Which chemokine selectively recruits eosinophils and is implicated in allergic disease?
Which chemokine is important in recruiting white blood cells to sites of inflammation, including T cells, eosinophils, and basophils?
Which chemokine is important in recruiting white blood cells to sites of inflammation, including T cells, eosinophils, and basophils?
Which cytokines are released during the acute phase response and lead to systemic responses, including fever?
Which cytokines are released during the acute phase response and lead to systemic responses, including fever?
Which of the following does NOT triggers the acute phase response?
Which of the following does NOT triggers the acute phase response?
Which of the following acute phase proteins is responsible for trapping invading microbes in blood clots?
Which of the following acute phase proteins is responsible for trapping invading microbes in blood clots?
Which of the following acute phase proteins binds to exposed mannose on microorganisms, facilitating opsonization and complement activation?
Which of the following acute phase proteins binds to exposed mannose on microorganisms, facilitating opsonization and complement activation?
Which acute phase protein is responsible for preventing iron uptake by bacteria?
Which acute phase protein is responsible for preventing iron uptake by bacteria?
Which acute phase protein downregulates inflammation and prevents tissue damage?
Which acute phase protein downregulates inflammation and prevents tissue damage?
Which acute phase protein binds phosphoryl choline on microorganisms and plays a role in opsonization, complement activation, and phagocytosis?
Which acute phase protein binds phosphoryl choline on microorganisms and plays a role in opsonization, complement activation, and phagocytosis?
Which of the following is the physiological role of decreased synthesis of negative acute phase proteins?
Which of the following is the physiological role of decreased synthesis of negative acute phase proteins?
What is the clinical significance of measuring acute phase proteins (APP), particularly C-reactive protein (CRP)?
What is the clinical significance of measuring acute phase proteins (APP), particularly C-reactive protein (CRP)?
Which of the following is an example of a negative acute phase protein?
Which of the following is an example of a negative acute phase protein?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a positive acute phase protein?
Which of the following is NOT an example of a positive acute phase protein?
What is the main purpose of serial measurements of acute phase proteins in the case of infection?
What is the main purpose of serial measurements of acute phase proteins in the case of infection?
