Cystic Fibrosis and Congestive Heart Failure Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for rheumatic fever?

Reduce inflammation in the throat

Eradicate streptococcal infection

Relieve joint pain

Prevent recurrence of rheumatic fever and reduce risk of rheumatic heart disease (correct)

Which of the following is an immediate nursing intervention for a patient with patent urachus?

Monitor for signs of infection (correct)

Perform a renal ultrasound

Administer antibiotics

Educate on postoperative care

What is a critical aspect of care in managing chronic glomerulonephritis?

Administering broad-spectrum antibiotics

Regular dietary changes

Monitoring blood pressure and renal function closely (correct)

Increasing fluid intake

Which nursing intervention is key in managing enuresis?

Encourage regular toileting schedules Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored closely as part of the nursing assessment for polycystic kidney disease (PKD)?

Signs of kidney dysfunction such as hypertension and hematuria Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate nursing intervention post-surgery for a patient who underwent bladder exstrophy repair?

Ensure proper catheter care and monitor for signs of infection Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is common in preterm or small for gestational age (SGA) newborns?

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) Signup and view all the answers

What is an important nursing intervention for hemolytic-uremic syndrome?

Monitor for signs of hemolysis and renal failure Signup and view all the answers

What nursing intervention should be prioritized in a patient with Cystic Fibrosis?

Ensure proper airway clearance techniques Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of Congestive Heart Failure that should be monitored?

Severe dyspnea and syncope with exertion Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored when administering Digoxin to a patient with Congestive Heart Failure?

Pulse rate before administration Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used to manage fluid overload in patients with VSD or AVSD?

Diuretics Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with Coarctation of the Aorta?

High blood pressure in the arms Signup and view all the answers

What is a key pre-operative assessment for a patient scheduled for surgery due to VSD/AVSD?

Assess for signs of heart failure Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential complication of treating Congestive Heart Failure with diuretics?

Hypokalemia Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in post-operative nursing care for a patient after heart surgery?

Manage pain and monitor heart rate and rhythm Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cystic Fibrosis

Airway clearance techniques like chest physiotherapy are essential for managing respiratory symptoms.
Administer pancreatic enzymes with meals to aid in digestion.
Monitor nutritional status; recommend high-calorie diets and ensure adequate hydration.
Provide emotional support for patients and families facing challenges of the disease.
Bronchodilators can be used for immediate airway opening; oxygen therapy is also indicated.
Common signs include chronic cough, thick sputum, frequent lung infections, wheezing, shortness of breath, and poor growth despite a good appetite.

Congestive Heart Failure

Digoxin requires monitoring of pulse; if pulse exceeds 100 bpm, do not administer.
Diuretics like Furosemide may cause hypokalemia, increasing digitalis toxicity risk.
Antibiotics are necessary if bacterial infections are present.
Iron supplements help prevent or treat anemia associated with heart failure.
Anticoagulants such as Heparin or Enoxaparin can prevent clot formation.
Nitroglycerin is used to relieve angina pain.
Monitor for signs of cardiac decompensation, ensuring patient rest and adherence to medication.

VSD / AVSD

Pre-operative assessment should include checking for heart failure signs and educating families about procedures.
Post-operative care entails meticulous monitoring of vital signs and rhythm management, along with pain control.
Diuretics manage fluid overload, while ACE inhibitors reduce afterload, enhancing cardiac output.

Coarctation of Aorta

Common signs include hypertension in arms, weak or absent leg pulses, heart murmurs, and exercise-induced dyspnea or leg cramps.
Pre-operative nursing involves monitoring heart failure symptoms and preparing patients and families for surgery.
Post-operative tasks include checking blood pressure in all limbs, infection monitoring, and effective pain management.

Rheumatic Fever

Administering prescribed antibiotics aims to eliminate streptococcal infection.
Anti-inflammatory medications are used to alleviate joint inflammation.
Educate on the importance of completing the antibiotic course to prevent recurrence.
Treatment goals focus on preventing recurrence of rheumatic fever and mitigating rheumatic heart disease risks.

Patent Urachus

Immediate interventions include monitoring for infection signs and maintaining cleanliness around the umbilicus.
Surgical repair is crucial for closing the patent urachus.

Exstrophy of the Bladder / Hypospadias / Hydronephrosis

Pre-operative care should involve patient and family preparation as well as renal function monitoring.
Post-operative care focuses on infection signs, proper catheter handling, and urinary output assessment.
Renal ultrasound preparation includes explaining its necessity and monitoring renal function.

Enuresis

Educate families on enuresis with reassurance regarding the condition.
Establish regular toileting schedules and limit fluids intake before bedtime to manage symptoms effectively.
Behavioral management strategies include positive reinforcement and reward systems to encourage dry nights.

PKD

Monitor for kidney dysfunction indicators like hypertension and hematuria.
Regular renal function tests and ongoing patient education are critical for management.

Prune Belly Syndrome

Characterized by a triad of abdominal muscle deficiency, urinary tract anomalies, and cryptorchidism.
The primary care goal is the maintenance of renal function and prevention of urinary tract infections.

Chronic Glomerulonephritis

Emphasize close monitoring of blood pressure and renal function.
Administer appropriate antihypertensive medications and enforce dietary restrictions for fluid balance management.

Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome

Monitor patients for symptoms of hemolysis and renal failure.
Provide supportive care including fluid management and potential blood transfusions.

Common Complications in Preterm / SGA Newborns

Be aware of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and its prevalence in these infants.
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) remains a serious risk factor.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and hypothermia are also common in preterm and small for gestational age newborns.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the management and symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis and Congestive Heart Failure. This quiz covers essential techniques, medications, and nutritional considerations for both conditions. Enhance your understanding of these serious health issues.