Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies a spear phishing attack?
Which of the following scenarios BEST exemplifies a spear phishing attack?
- Leaving a USB drive labeled 'Company Bonus Info' in the company parking lot.
- Creating a fake social media profile to befriend employees and gather information.
- Targeting the CEO of a company with a personalized email containing details about their recent travel, aiming to steal their credentials. (correct)
- Sending out a mass email disguised as a bank notification to thousands of recipients.
A user downloads what appears to be a legitimate PDF document from an unknown website, but shortly after, their computer begins exhibiting unusual behavior. What type of malware is MOST likely responsible?
A user downloads what appears to be a legitimate PDF document from an unknown website, but shortly after, their computer begins exhibiting unusual behavior. What type of malware is MOST likely responsible?
- Trojan (correct)
- Adware
- Worm
- Spyware
Which ransomware type encrypts files on a system, rendering them inaccessible until a ransom is paid?
Which ransomware type encrypts files on a system, rendering them inaccessible until a ransom is paid?
- Locker Ransomware
- Spyware
- Crypto Ransomware (correct)
- Adware
An attacker calls an IT help desk, impersonating a senior executive and claiming they are locked out of their account before tricking the IT staff into resetting the executive's password and providing temporary credentials. Which social engineering technique is being employed?
An attacker calls an IT help desk, impersonating a senior executive and claiming they are locked out of their account before tricking the IT staff into resetting the executive's password and providing temporary credentials. Which social engineering technique is being employed?
An employee receives an email that appears to be from a colleague. It includes a link to a document that the 'colleague' claims to have updated. Upon clicking the link, the employee's machine becomes infected with malware. This attack is BEST described as...
An employee receives an email that appears to be from a colleague. It includes a link to a document that the 'colleague' claims to have updated. Upon clicking the link, the employee's machine becomes infected with malware. This attack is BEST described as...
What is the PRIMARY goal of employee cybersecurity awareness training?
What is the PRIMARY goal of employee cybersecurity awareness training?
Which type of malware is designed to automatically replicate and spread to other computers across a network, without any action from the user?
Which type of malware is designed to automatically replicate and spread to other computers across a network, without any action from the user?
A cybercriminal leaves a USB drive labeled 'Company Salary Report' in a public area of a company, hoping an employee will plug it into their computer. This is an example of what type of social engineering attack?
A cybercriminal leaves a USB drive labeled 'Company Salary Report' in a public area of a company, hoping an employee will plug it into their computer. This is an example of what type of social engineering attack?
Which security measure primarily mitigates unauthorized access by requiring users to provide multiple verification factors?
Which security measure primarily mitigates unauthorized access by requiring users to provide multiple verification factors?
In the context of cybersecurity, what is the primary goal of an Incident Response Plan (IRP) following a detected data breach?
In the context of cybersecurity, what is the primary goal of an Incident Response Plan (IRP) following a detected data breach?
Which of the following scenarios is the MOST representative example of a 'Negligent Insider' threat?
Which of the following scenarios is the MOST representative example of a 'Negligent Insider' threat?
What is the primary purpose of performing regular risk assessments and security audits as part of a risk management plan?
What is the primary purpose of performing regular risk assessments and security audits as part of a risk management plan?
Which technique involves an attacker taking control of an active user's session to bypass authentication and gain unauthorized access?
Which technique involves an attacker taking control of an active user's session to bypass authentication and gain unauthorized access?
Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of a data breach?
Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of a data breach?
What is the primary goal of having a backup and disaster recovery plan in the context of cybersecurity risk management?
What is the primary goal of having a backup and disaster recovery plan in the context of cybersecurity risk management?
Which of these strategies can help mitigate the risk of data breaches caused by phishing attacks?
Which of these strategies can help mitigate the risk of data breaches caused by phishing attacks?
Flashcards
Phishing
Phishing
Impersonating trusted entities to steal sensitive information.
Email Phishing
Email Phishing
Fake emails with malicious links or attachments.
Spear Phishing
Spear Phishing
Targeted phishing attacks using personal details.
Malware
Malware
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Ransomware
Ransomware
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Locker Ransomware
Locker Ransomware
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Crypto Ransomware
Crypto Ransomware
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Social Engineering
Social Engineering
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Unauthorized Access
Unauthorized Access
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Data Breach
Data Breach
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Insider Threat
Insider Threat
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Password Cracking
Password Cracking
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Session Hijacking
Session Hijacking
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Exploiting Software Vulnerabilities
Exploiting Software Vulnerabilities
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Insider Threat (Definition)
Insider Threat (Definition)
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Malicious Insiders
Malicious Insiders
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Study Notes
- Cybersecurity threats can be mitigated by implementing a variety of common preventative measures and response strategies
Phishing
- Aims to steal sensitive information by impersonating trusted entities
- Techniques include email phishing, spear phishing, smishing, vishing, clone phishing, and whaling
- Email Phishing: Uses fake emails with malicious links or attachments
- Spear Phishing: Targets attacks using personal details
- Smishing: Employs fraudulent SMS messages
- Vishing: Uses phone scams posing as legitimate calls
- Clone Phishing: Replicates real emails with altered links
- Whaling: Targets high-level executives
Malware
- Malicious software is designed to harm systems and steal data
- Various forms of it exist, including viruses, worms, trojans, spyware and adware
- Viruses: Attach to files and spread
- Worms: Spread automatically without user action
- Trojans: Are disguised as legitimate software
- Spyware: Secretly collects user data
- Adware: Displays unwanted ads and collects data
Unauthorized Access
- Involves gaining entry to systems without permission, leading to data breaches
- Techniques used include password cracking, session hijacking, and exploiting software vulnerabilities
- Password Cracking: Uses brute force or guessing passwords to gain access
- Session Hijacking: Takes over active user sessions
- Exploiting Software Vulnerabilities: Hacks weak systems to gain access
Data Breach
- The exposure of sensitive data is often due to cyberattacks or human error
- Common causes include phishing, malware, social engineering, software vulnerabilities, and insider threats
Insider Threat
- Presents security risks from employees, contractors, or partners misusing access
- Two types: malicious insiders (intentional harm) and negligent insiders (careless mistakes)
- Compromised insiders have had accounts hacked and used for attacks
Ransomware Attack
- Malware that encrypts files and demands ransom
- Types include Locker Ransomware and Crypto Ransomware
- Locker Ransomware prevents users from accessing their system
- Crypto Ransomware encrypts files and demands payment
Social Engineering
- Psychological manipulation used to steal sensitive information
- Techniques include phishing, pretexting, impersonation, and baiting
- Pretexting creates false scenarios to gain access
- Impersonation involves posing as trusted individuals
- Baiting uses tempting offers to deploy malware
Common Preventive Measures
- Apply to all threats
- Employee training and awareness programs
- Multi-factor authentication (MFA)
- Access control and encryption
- Regular software updates
- Network security and monitoring
- Email filtering and safe downloads
Common Response Strategies
- To use when an attack happens
- Incident response plan (IRP) implementation
- Isolate affected systems
- Identify and remove threats
- Report to authorities
- Communicate with stakeholders
Common Risk Management Plans
- Long-term strategies to mitigate risk
- Regular risk assessments and security audits
- Backup and disaster recovery planning
- Cyber insurance coverage
- Continuous threat monitoring
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Description
Explore cybersecurity threats, focusing on phishing techniques such as email phishing, spear phishing, smishing, vishing, clone phishing, and whaling. Learn about malware types, including viruses, worms, trojans, spyware and adware, and how they compromise systems and data.
