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Questions and Answers
Which type of hacker acts frequently in accordance with the law but may occasionally engage in illegal activities?
What is the primary intention behind a phishing attack?
What does a zero-day exploit refer to in the context of hacking?
Which type of malicious software is specifically designed to demand a ransom for data recovery?
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In the context of data theft, which of the following is a direct consequence of financial losses?
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Which of the following best describes social engineering as a malicious tactic?
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What type of malware impersonates legitimate software to gain unauthorized access to a system?
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What is the main distinction between white hat hackers and black hat hackers?
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What is the primary goal of the CIA Triad in cybersecurity?
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Which of the following is NOT a requirement for processing personal data?
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In the context of information gathering in cybersecurity, what is considered personal information?
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Which of the following must personal data be, according to good practice?
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Which principle of cybersecurity emphasizes that data should only be accessible to certain users?
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Why is it important to gather information in a cybersecurity context?
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What does it mean for personal data to be processed in a fair manner?
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Which aspect of personal data processing relates to keeping information current and accurate?
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What is a primary reason for implementing biometric security systems?
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Which tactic is NOT a method of social engineering used by hackers?
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What is the initial implication of identity theft?
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Which of the following is NOT a biological characteristic used for biometric data?
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What is a crucial step to ensure file security in Microsoft Office applications?
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What do macros in Microsoft Office applications primarily aim to achieve?
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What is a key characteristic of personal information that should be safeguarded?
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How can users protect against malicious macros?
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What is the primary feature that differentiates symmetric encryption from asymmetric encryption?
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Which of the following algorithms is NOT classified as a symmetric encryption algorithm?
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What is a significant challenge associated with symmetric encryption?
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Which characteristic contributes to the speed advantage of symmetric encryption over asymmetric encryption?
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Which statement about encryption algorithms is correct?
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What is meant by 'cipher text' in the context of encryption?
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What is the role of encryption keys in symmetric encryption?
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Which type of encryption cannot be used to achieve confidentiality without the risk of key interception?
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What was the estimated global financial loss due to cybercrime in 2023?
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Which of the following is a definition of cybercrime?
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What type of threat results from user mistakes or system malfunctions?
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How frequently does a hacker attack occur on average against computers connected to the Internet?
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Which of the following is NOT a category of cyber threats mentioned?
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Which activity exemplifies hacking?
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What is a common consequence of malicious threats?
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Which of the following contributes to accidental threats?
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Study Notes
Internet and Cybercrime
- The Internet is a global network connecting millions of businesses, agencies, institutions, and individuals.
- Cybercrime incidents occur at an alarming rate with reports indicating that global financial losses reached around $2 trillion in 2023.
Cybercrime and Hacking
- Cybercrime includes illegal activities done over the Internet, often for financial gain, such as identity theft and social engineering scams.
- Hacking is the unauthorized access to computer systems, which can lead to tampering with data, using system resources, or proving one's capability.
Threats and Vulnerabilities
- Cybersecurity threats can be categorized into natural disasters, accidental threats from user mistakes, and malicious attacks.
- A hacker attack occurs approximately every 39 seconds, averaging 2,244 attacks daily against Internet-connected computers.
Types of Malicious Threats
- Malware: Includes viruses, worms, spyware, adware, trojans, and ransomware that seeks to exploit vulnerabilities.
- Social Engineering: Techniques used by hackers to manipulate users into revealing personal information or following malicious instructions.
- Phishing Attacks: Deceptive attempts to acquire sensitive information by pretending to be a trustworthy entity.
Hacking Classifications
- White Hat Hackers: Ethical hackers working legally to improve security.
- Black Hat Hackers: Malicious hackers engaging in illegal activities.
- Grey Hat Hackers: Individuals who typically obey the law but may breach it for personal gain or experimentation.
Basic Cybersecurity Concepts
- Cybersecurity protects software, hardware, and data stored online, focusing on the common CIA triad: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability.
- Unauthorized access prevention is crucial, reinforced through systematic processes and stringent access controls.
Importance of Personal Data Security
- Personal information includes sensitive data like bank details, identifications, and employment history.
- Organizations must ensure fair, lawful processing of personal data, maintaining accuracy and relevance and avoiding unnecessary retention.
Identity Theft Implications
- Identity theft involves impersonating another person's identity for financial gain, leading to significant recovery costs and time to restore one’s identity and credit.
Biometric Security Measures
- Biometric systems utilize unique biological traits for authentication, such as fingerprints and facial features, providing enhanced security compared to traditional passwords.
File Security Protocols
- Files must be secured to protect sensitive business and personal information. Key practices include enabling Macro Security Settings and encrypting documents with passwords.
- Macros can automate tasks but also pose security threats if created with malicious intent.
Concept and Types of Encryption
- Encryption: The process of converting understandable data (plaintext) into an unreadable format (ciphertext) to ensure confidentiality.
- Symmetric Encryption: Uses the same key for both encryption and decryption, resulting in faster processing suitable for large data volumes.
- Asymmetric Encryption: Employs a pair of keys (public and private) for secure communication, enhancing security when sharing data over untrusted networks.
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Description
Test your knowledge on global cybercrime statistics and incidents. This quiz covers key information about the prevalence of cybercrime and its impact on individuals and organizations. Challenge yourself to see how much you really know about this critical issue in today's digital world.