CVP Image Processing Basics - Practice Test
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the CVP Image Processing Basics course?

  • To understand the basics of color theory
  • To create graphical user interfaces
  • To successfully deploy machine vision applications (correct)
  • To design image processing hardware

Which of the following describes an 8-bit grayscale image?

  • Gray values range from 0 to 1024
  • Gray values range from 0 to 255 (correct)
  • Gray values range from 0 to 65535
  • Gray values are in RGB format

What is the primary benefit of a histogram in image processing?

  • It shows the number of pixels at each gray level (correct)
  • It measures image brightness
  • It displays image edges
  • It controls image saturation

What is a convolution used for in image processing?

<p>To apply a filter by sliding a kernel over an image (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which filter is commonly used for edge detection?

<p>Sobel filter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is a Fourier Transform used in image processing?

<p>To represent an image in terms of its frequencies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In morphological operations, what does "dilation" do?

<p>Adds pixels along object boundaries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color space transformation is commonly used to separate colored objects?

<p>RGB to HSI (Hue, Saturation, Intensity) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of segmentation in image processing?

<p>To partition an image into meaningful regions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is "blob analysis" used for?

<p>Counting and analyzing objects in an image (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Gaussian filter do in image processing?

<p>Blurs the image (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Sobel operator?

<p>To detect edges by calculating gradients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which image processing technique is typically used to remove noise?

<p>Median filter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a Fourier Transform, what does the DC term represent?

<p>The lowest frequency or average value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about 3D image sensors?

<p>They capture height information in grayscale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical application of geometric transformations in image processing?

<p>Aligning or rotating objects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which filter is effective for detecting defects through curvature?

<p>Laplace filter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes image segmentation?

<p>Dividing an image based on pixel intensity values (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which operation in morphology is a combination of erosion followed by dilation?

<p>Opening (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of rank filters in image processing?

<p>They return the highest or lowest pixel rank (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of edge detection in image processing?

<p>To identify boundaries within an image (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of blob analysis in image processing?

<p>It detects and counts objects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which image operation can make small objects disappear by eroding them?

<p>Erosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a low-pass filter typically do?

<p>Suppresses high frequencies, smoothing the image (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of thresholding in segmentation?

<p>It separates objects based on intensity levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of thresholding is used when brightness varies across an image?

<p>Local or adaptive threshold (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "connectivity" refer to in image processing?

<p>Linking pixels based on shared intensity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does “morphology” in image processing typically involve?

<p>Altering the size and shape of objects in an image (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in morphology can be used to close small gaps in an object?

<p>Dilation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In pattern matching, what is a similarity map used for?

<p>Finding the best match position and rotation of an object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

8-bit grayscale image

An image where each pixel is represented by 8 bits, defining gray values from 0 to 255.

Convolution

Applying a kernel (filter) to an image by sliding it over the image and calculating a weighted sum of pixels.

Histogram

Graphical representation of the distribution of pixel intensities in an image.

Sobel filter

An edge detection filter that calculates gradients to identify edges in an image.

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Fourier Transform

A mathematical operation that decomposes an image into its constituent frequencies.

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Dilation (Morphology)

Expands image objects by adding pixels along their boundaries.

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HSI Color Space

Color space that uses Hue, Saturation, and Intensity to represent colors.

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Image Segmentation

Dividing an image into distinct regions based on pixel characteristics.

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Blob Analysis

Identifying and analyzing connected regions (objects) in an image.

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Gaussian Filter

A filter that blurs an image by applying a Gaussian function.

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Median Filter

A filter that replaces each pixel with the median value of neighboring pixels.

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Image Processing Basics

Study of techniques to improve/alter images.

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Image Processing Practice Test

A series of questions designed to test understanding of image concepts.

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geometric transformations

Changes image position or orientation .

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Laplace filter

A filter to highlight high-frequency components like edges or sharp details .

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opening (Morphology)

Erosion followed by dilation, used to smooth object boundaries.

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closing (Morphology)

Dilation followed by erosion used to fill gaps in objects.

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rank filters

Filters that determine output based on the ordering of pixel intesity in a neighborhood.

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Thresholding

Segmentation technique separating objects from background based on intensity.

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Erosion (Morphology)

Removes pixels from the boundary of objects.

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Low-pass filter

A filter that removes high-frequency components, resulting in a smoothening effect on an image.

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High-pass filter

A filter that emphasizes high-frequency components, typically used to highlight edges or textures in an image.

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3D image sensor

Sensor capturing both color and depth or distance information.

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DC term (Fourier Transform)

Average pixel value in an image in Fourier domain.

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Study Notes

CVP Image Processing Basics - Practice Test

  • Course Purpose: The course aims to provide foundational knowledge for deploying machine vision applications. It also addresses graphical user interfaces (GUI) development and image processing hardware.

  • 8-bit Grayscale Image: A grayscale image stores pixel values from 0 to 255, representing varying shades of grey.

  • Histogram Benefit: A histogram displays the distribution of pixel values in an image, allowing one to determine brightness or pixel counts at specific gray levels.

  • Convolution Use: Convolution applies a kernel (a small matrix) over an image to process pixels, often used for applying image filters.

  • Edge Detection Filter: A Sobel filter is a common tool for edge detection.

  • Fourier Transform Use: The Fourier Transform analyzes an image by representing it in terms of its frequencies, enabling various image processing applications.

Morphological Operations

  • Dilation: Morphological dilation increases the size of objects by adding pixels to their boundaries. This can fill gaps in an object.

  • Color Space Conversion: The RGB to HSI (Hue, Saturation, Intensity) conversion is frequently used to separate and analyze colored objects.

Image Segmentation

  • Segmentation Goal: Segmentation aims to classify an image into distinct regions or segments based on various characteristics (like pixel intensity values).

  • Blob Analysis: Blob analysis is a process of identifying, counting and analyzing objects within an image, typically used in object detection and recognition problems.

  • Morphological Operations: Combination of erosion and dilation. This is a general type of image processing operation applied to analyze basic shapes of objects in binary images which is a subset of image processing.

Filter Applications

  • Gaussian Filter: A Gaussian filter is used to smooth an image to reduce noise and enhance overall image detail.

  • Laplace Filter: A Laplace filter is used for sharpening edges in images.

  • Median Filter: A median filter is commonly used for image denoising by analyzing pixel values in a neighborhood.

  • Low-Pass Filter: A low-pass filter reduces high-frequency components in an image, smoothing the image. Useful to remove noise.

Image Processing Techniques

  • Noise Removal: Median filters are effective in removing noise from images.

  • Sobel Operator: The Sobel operator is used to find edges in images by creating gradients of pixel values within neighborhoods.

  • Fourier Transform: It's employed to analyze image frequencies, representing it with its varying intensities.

3D Image Sensors

  • 3D Image Sensor Data: 3D image sensors often record data in color formats like RGB channels (red, green, blue) or as grayscale values.

Geometric Transformations

  • Geometric Transformation Applications: Geometric transformations are used in various image processing tasks, including image enhancement and correction.

Thresholding in Segmentation

  • Thresholding: Thresholding involves assigning a binary value (0 or 1) based on whether pixel intensity meets a threshold or not This results in segmenting objects.

Connectivity

  • Connectivity in Image Processing: Connectivity describes how pixels in an image relate to each other based on their shared properties.

  • Local/Adaptive Thresholding: Local or adaptive thresholds adapt to varying illumination conditions in an image leading to better results.

Pattern Matching

  • Similarity Maps: Used in pattern matching to determine the best match for an object or pattern, based on pixel-by-pixel similarity.

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A3 CVP BASIC - Image Processing Basics Practice Test PDF

Description

This practice test covers the fundamentals of image processing, focusing on 8-bit grayscale images, histograms, convolution, and Fourier transforms. Participants will also learn about morphological operations like dilation and edge detection filters such as the Sobel filter. Enhance your understanding of machine vision applications through this quiz.

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