Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Treatment Quiz

What is the characteristic feature of sarcoidosis?

What is theorized to be the cause of sarcoidosis?

At what age is disease onset most common for sarcoidosis?

Where does sarcoidosis have a higher incidence?

What condition has replaced syphilis as the great mimicker for dermatologists?

What is the characteristic color change seen in the papular form of sarcoidosis when a glass slide is pressed to the skin?

What feature of sarcoidosis lesions can be appreciated with diascopy?

What is a distinguishing dermoscopic finding associated with cutaneous sarcoidosis?

Where do papular lesions of sarcoidosis occur most commonly?

What reflects mild epidermal atrophy in the lesions of sarcoidosis?

What condition may exhibit similar diascopic properties to sarcoidosis?

What is the characteristic feature of lupus pernio?

What was the initial misunderstanding regarding the name 'lupus pernio'?

What is a potential consequence of lupus pernio lesions extending into the nasal sinus?

What is the association between angiolupoid lesions and lupus pernio?

What is a potential manifestation of cutaneous sarcoidosis at traumatized skin sites?

What may be the only finding in a patient with significant systemic involvement of sarcoidosis?

What does the presence of sarcoidal granulomas surrounding foreign material NOT do?

What is a common characteristic of scar tissue affected by cutaneous sarcoidosis?

Where does cutaneous sarcoidosis occur preferentially?

What may infiltrated scars be in a patient with significant systemic involvement?

What is a potential cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis that may occur on the extremities?

Which cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis is associated with induration upon careful palpation?

In cutaneous sarcoidosis, what manifestation may occur on hair-bearing skin like the face and scalp?

What characterizes the reversibility of alopecia in cutaneous sarcoidosis?

What rare manifestation of cutaneous sarcoidosis may lead to nail changes?

Which type of cutaneous sarcoidosis may present as persistent subcutaneous nodules?

What may be appreciated upon careful palpation of the hypopigmented macules in darkly pigmented persons with sarcoidosis?

In cutaneous sarcoidosis, where may alopecia occur?

What rare nail changes may occur in cutaneous sarcoidosis?

What may infiltrate the gingiva and mimic Wegner granulomatosis in sarcoidosis?

What is one cause of Mikulicz syndrome, the bilateral enlargement of the lacrimal, parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands?

What is the characteristic feature of Mikulicz syndrome?

What is the main nonspecific cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis?

What condition is frequently the initial manifestation of sarcoidosis, characterized by erythema nodosum, bilateral hilar adenopathy, arthralgia, and fever?

What is a potential consequence of sarcoid lesions infiltrating the parenchyma of the lungs?

Which of the following may occur due to fibrotic disease in sarcoidosis?

What can be a consequence of lesions distorting the airways in sarcoidosis?

When are pulmonary function tests more likely to be abnormal in sarcoidosis?

What is the most common organ involved with sarcoidosis?

What are the usual findings on pulmonary examination in patients with sarcoidosis?

What is the typical symptomatology of patients with sarcoidosis?

What is the most common symptom associated with ocular involvement in sarcoidosis?

Which syndrome is a classic presentation of sarcoidosis involving fever, parotid gland enlargement, facial palsy, and anterior uveitis?

What is the main cause of clinical problems related to cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis?

What percentage of patients with sarcoidosis exhibit clinical evidence of cardiac involvement?

What part of the nervous system may be affected by neurosarcoidosis?

How does nephrolithiasis occur in renal sarcoidosis?

What is the common characteristic of liver involvement in hepatic sarcoidosis?

What condition is commonly associated with nasal sarcoidosis of the upper respiratory tract?

What may lead to leukopenia in sarcoidosis?

Which manifestation is associated with bone marrow involvement in sarcoidosis?

What is the usual cause of liver biopsy in patients with sarcoidosis?

What is the most common symptom associated with ocular involvement in sarcoidosis?

Which part of the eye is most commonly involved in sarcoidosis?

What can result from activated sarcoidal macrophages having increased 1-hydroxylase activity?

What is the recommended diagnostic test for every patient diagnosed with sarcoidosis?

What might happen when the myocardium is massively infiltrated with granulomas?

What is the triggering factor for sarcoidosis?

Which cells recognize, process, and present the processed sarcoid-inducing antigen to CD4+ T cells?

What do activated macrophages produce that induces lymphocytes to shift toward a Th1 profile?

What cytokine is released by activated T cells that recruits monocytes and macrophages to the site of disease activity?

What is the putative antigen(s) triggering the immunologic cascade?

What plays a role in the development of sarcoidosis lesions in addition to CD4+ T cells of the Th1 subtype?

What is a common risk factor associated with sarcoidosis?

Which infectious agent is NOT associated with sarcoidosis according to the passage?

What is a documented environmental risk factor for developing sarcoidosis?

Who is more likely to develop sarcoidosis based on smoking habits?

What does the interplay of antigenic and genetic risk factors suggest about sarcoidosis?

What is the association between relatives of an affected person and the development of sarcoidosis?

What is associated with the development of sarcoidosis?

What is associated with increased risk of sarcoidosis?

What plays a major role in determining susceptibility to sarcoidosis?

Which genetic factor is associated with different presentations of sarcoidosis?

What is thought to be the cause of sarcoidosis?

What is associated with different phenotypic expressions of sarcoidosis?

What is required for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis?

In what scenario can the diagnosis of sarcoidosis be accepted without a tissue biopsy?

What does the presence of noncaseating granulomas in a single organ system indicate?

What is necessary for confirmation of sarcoidosis?

When can the diagnosis of sarcoidosis be assumed without a tissue biopsy?

What is true about isolated skin granulomas in relation to sarcoidosis?

What is the recommended test for evaluating the total granuloma burden in sarcoidosis?

Which test is abnormal in more than 90% of patients with sarcoidosis?

What is the clinical role of computed tomography in the management of pulmonary sarcoidosis?

What is the mechanism of gallium-67 uptake in sarcoidosis?

What is a highly specific sign for identifying sarcoidosis on gallium-67 scanning?

What is the role of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning in sarcoidosis?

What type of cells are commonly present within the sarcoidal granuloma?

What should be routinely performed to consider alternative diagnoses to sarcoidosis?

What is a characteristic feature of cutaneous granulomas that may help in differential diagnosis?

What is a potential role of magnetic resonance imaging in sarcoidosis?

What is necessary for the diagnosis of sarcoidosis?

When can isolated skin granulomas be assumed to represent sarcoidosis?

What does confirmation of sarcoidosis require?

In which scenario can the diagnosis of sarcoidosis be accepted without a tissue biopsy?

What is the significance of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (SACE) levels in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis?

What is the role of posteroanterior chest radiograph in diagnosing sarcoidosis?

What is the characteristic feature of gallium-67 scanning in identifying sarcoidosis?

What is the significance of gadolinium enhancement on nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in sarcoidosis?

What is the role of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning in sarcoidosis?

What percentage of cases show pulmonary parenchymal infiltrates in sarcoidosis?

What is noted in 50% to 85% of sarcoidosis cases?

What stage of sarcoidosis is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates only?

Which of the following is associated with a more than 80% rate of spontaneous remission within 4 to 6 weeks?

Which cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis indicates chronic disease and is associated with upper respiratory tract involvement, pulmonary fibrosis, and bony cysts?

Which of the following is associated with a worse prognosis in sarcoidosis?

What is the general prognosis of sarcoidosis?

What causes almost all significant impairment from sarcoidosis?

What is the likely cause of the propensity for a brisk fibrotic response in sarcoidosis?

Which part of the body accounts for most of the remaining deaths related to sarcoidosis in the United States?

What is the characteristic feature of skin lesions from fibrosis in sarcoidosis?

What is the typical remission period for sarcoidosis after diagnosis?

What is the usual prognosis for liver and peripheral lymph node sarcoidosis?

What is the main cause of significant impairment from sarcoidosis?

What may resolve in cutaneous sarcoidosis with or without scarring or pigmentary changes?

Which topical medication may be effective for cutaneous sarcoidosis without causing skin atrophy and hypopigmentation?

What is the recommended initial dose of prednisone equivalent for the treatment of pulmonary sarcoidosis?

When should an attempt be made to taper the corticosteroid dose for sarcoidosis treatment?

What is the most reliable immediate initial therapy for sarcoidosis?

What is the usual range for tapering the corticosteroid dosage over a few months for sarcoidosis treatment?

What is the recommended initial dose of prednisone equivalent for the treatment of cutaneous sarcoidosis?

Which medication is considered the most studied steroid-sparing agent for the treatment of sarcoidosis?

Which drug, used for sarcoidosis, has a higher potential of causing retinal damage?

Which medication has been reported to improve skin sarcoidosis in case series and may take up to 2 years to be effective?

Which regimen has shown some effectiveness for the treatment of sarcoidosis, with clinical trials currently ongoing to better assess its usefulness?

Which medication is reserved for severe or potentially life-threatening disease due to its significant side effect profile, including carcinogenic potential?

Which medication is effective for many forms of sarcoidosis but should be carefully monitored due to liver function tests and blood cell counts?