Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the following terms with their corresponding formulas:
Match the following terms with their corresponding formulas:
Ohm's Law = $V = IR$ Power in a resistor = $P = I^2R$ Resistance of a wire = $R = \rho L/A$ Drift Velocity = $I = n e A v$
Match the scenarios with the potential difference across a battery's terminals:
Match the scenarios with the potential difference across a battery's terminals:
Battery is not connected in a circuit = $V = E$ Battery is supplying energy = $V = E - Ir$ Battery is short circuited = $V = 0$ Battery is being charged = $V = E + Ir$
Match the components with their current or voltage characteristics in series combination:
Match the components with their current or voltage characteristics in series combination:
Current in series circuits = Same throughout Voltage in series circuits = Divided across resistors Equivalent resistance in series circuits = Sum of individual resistances Overall effect of series circuits = Increases effective resistance
Match the components with their current or voltage characteristics in parallel combination:
Match the components with their current or voltage characteristics in parallel combination:
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Match the given formulas with what they represent in a potentiometer setup:
Match the given formulas with what they represent in a potentiometer setup:
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Study Notes
Current Electricity
- Ohm's Law: V = IR (Voltage = Current × Resistance)
- Electric Power: P = IV = I²R = V²/R (Power = Current × Voltage = Current² × Resistance = Voltage² / Resistance)
- Potential Difference across a Battery: V = E – Ir (where E = electromotive force, I = current, r = internal resistance)
- If the battery is supplying energy, V = E – Ir
- If the battery is short circuited, V = 0
- If the battery is being charged, V = E + Ir
- Drift Speed: I = n e A vd (Current = charge density × electron charge × cross-sectional area × drift velocity)
- Resistance of a Wire: R = ρL/A (Resistance = resistivity × length / cross-sectional area)
- Resistivity: ρ = m/n e2τA (Resistivity = mass/ (charge density × electron charge² × relaxation time × cross-sectional area))
- Combination of Resistors:
- Series: Rtotal = R1 + R2 + ...
- Parallel: 1/Rtotal = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + ...
- Potentiometer: Used to measure unknown voltage or EMF. Vx/E2 = l2 / l1 (Voltage ratio equals length ratio)
- Kirchhoff's Rules:
- Junction Rule: Sum of currents entering a junction equals sum of currents leaving the junction (ΣI = 0).
- Loop Rule: The sum of the voltages around any closed loop in a circuit is equal to zero (ΣV = 0).
- Unknown Resistance: Using a known resistance and Kirchhoff's Laws, determine an unknown circuit resistance R = Sl / (100 - l) (where Sl represents the scale division and l the corresponding difference in reading)
- Bulb Resistance: R α 1/P (Resistance is inversely proportional to Power)
- In parallel, P = P1 + P2 (Power is the sum of individual power)
- In series, 1/P = 1/P1 + 1/P2 (Power is the reciprocal of the sum of individual power)
- R= V²/P (Resistance is equal to voltage squared divided by Power)
- V, P are rated values for bulbs
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Description
Test your understanding of current electricity with this quiz covering fundamental principles such as Ohm's Law, electric power calculations, and resistance in circuits. Dive into the equations that govern electrical systems, including battery behavior and resistor combinations. Perfect for students learning the principles of electricity in physics.
