Questions and Answers
What is the earliest way to detect AR PKD?
Prenatal ultrasound
If they take >400 mg of HCQ, it causes a cataract.
False
What causes lenticonus?
Alport Syndrome
What categorizes hypertensive emergency?
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What causes death in patients with SLE?
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Children are less affected by food allergies than adults.
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Who is most likely to get uric acid kidney stones?
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If a pregnant lady comes in with high levels of E. coli in urine, how do you proceed?
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What do you do next if a patient has a CRAO?
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What is the main cause of pre-hepatic jaundice?
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What symptoms are more common in women having a heart attack?
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What would cause a decrease in ACTH?
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What causes a decrease in the dexamethasone test?
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If a patient looks in the mirror and their eyes look different, you test DTR, what is likely?
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What do you do with a patient who has new onset ptosis after a DFE?
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If a patient breaks their arm in their office, what should you do?
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What is the gold standard for Carotid Artery Disease?
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What is a common side effect of anaphylaxis?
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What is the first line of treatment for anaphylaxis?
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What is likely to cause hyperglycemia?
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What are microvascular complications of DM?
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What is another name for heart attack?
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Acute respiratory distress syndrome is commonly associated with a cytokine storm.
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Which is false about A1C?
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Which 2 options are common treatments for migraines?
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What are 2 true statements regarding intracranial mass lesions?
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Study Notes
Cumulative Quiz Insights
- AR PKD Detection: Earliest detection through prenatal ultrasound.
- HCQ Toxicity: Taking over 400 mg does not directly cause cataracts.
- Lenticonus: Associated with Alport Syndrome.
- Hypertensive Emergency: Defined by a reading of 180/120 with end organ damage.
- SLE Death Causes: Primarily from acute lupus nephritis or endocarditis.
- Food Allergies: Children are more affected than adults is false.
- Uric Acid Kidney Stones: Most likely in a 63-year-old man with gout.
- Pregnant UTI Management: 7-day antibiotic course for E.coli.
- CRAO Protocol: Immediate referral to a stroke center required.
- Prehepatic Jaundice Cause: Hepatitis as the main etiology.
Final TQs Insights
- Women and Heart Attacks: Jaw pain, nausea, and diaphoresis are common symptoms.
- Decreased ACTH: Can be a result of adrenal tumors.
- Cushing's Syndrome: Characterized by decreased dexamethasone test results.
- Adie’s Tonic Pupil: Abnormal appearance prompting DTR testing.
- New Onset Ptosis: Immediate ER referral necessary after DFE.
- Broken Arm Protocol: Immobilize and contact ER.
- Carotid Artery Disease Gold Standard: Cerebral angiography as the diagnostic benchmark.
- Microvascular Complications of DM: Include nephropathy and peripheral complications.
- ADPKD Findings at Diagnosis: Hypertension is most likely present.
- Common Anaphylaxis Side Effects: Includes tachycardia.
- Epinephrine: First-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
Disease-Specific Notes
- CHARGE Syndrome: Characterized by coloboma, loach nodules, cafe-au-lait spots, and optic glioma.
- Hypoglycemia Symptoms: Dizziness, tremors, and seizures.
- Wilson’s Disease: Marked by copper deposition and liver dysfunction.
- Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP): Features bone spiculing and salt-and-pepper fundus.
- Fabry Disease: Notable for vortex keratopathy.
- Urinary Tract Infection (UTI): Indicators include leukocytes over 10, red urine, flank pain, fever, and chills.
- PKD Management: Includes ursodiol, ACE inhibitors, and potential need for dialysis.
- Hypertriglyceridemia Associations: Typically presents with elevated triglyceride levels.
- Calcium Oxalate Stones: Characterized by red-brown stones.
- Kidney Stones Risk Factors: Low sodium diets are not considered a risk factor.
- Diabetes Indicators: High A1C levels signify poor glycemic control.
Clinical Practices and Findings
- Dyslipidemia Clinical Findings: Possible arcus juvenilis.
- Lymph Node Palpation Purpose: To assess symmetry and identify lesions.
- Review of Systems (ROS): Used for evaluating patient feelings.
- Pack Year Calculation: Patient smoking 0.5 pack daily for 50 years equals 25 pack years.
- HEENT Definition: Refers to head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat.
- Vital Signs Parameters: Include temperature, pulse, respiration, BP, and BMI.
- Clinical Presentation in Hyperthyroid Patients: May show diplopia and increased heart rate.
- Romberg Test: Used to assess balance problems by observing if a patient falls over.
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Commonly occurs around 10 days post-onset.
- Transillumination Purpose: Used to identify water line and tenderness in the sinuses.
Headaches and Neurological Insights
- Migraine Treatments: Common options include botox injections and ibuprofen.
- Intracranial Mass Lesion Headaches: Typically dull and worsens when lying down; uncommon but serious.
- Asthenopia Type Headaches: Can be due to glare from lighting or accommodative dysfunction.
- Thunderclap Headache: A sudden onset indicative of potential subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- Brain Metastasis: Commonly originates from breast or lung cancer.
- SNOOP4 for Headaches: "P" does not refer to pulsating exophthalmos in this context.
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Description
Test your knowledge with this cumulative quiz featuring questions on various medical topics such as AR PKD, HCQ toxicity, lenticonus, hypertensive emergencies, and SLE. It's designed to challenge your understanding of critical medical concepts and conditions. Perfect for future healthcare professionals and enthusiasts alike!
