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What is the meaning of the Latin term 'cultura'?
Which branch of science studies culture, society, and politics?
What is the primary focus of anthropology?
Which of the following is NOT considered a subfield of anthropology?
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What does 'socius' refer to in the context of society?
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Which anthropological subfield investigates human biological diversity?
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Which aspect is NOT a basic concern of anthropology?
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What does the term 'politika' relate to in the study of politics?
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What type of suicide is characterized by excessive societal regulation leading to a lack of freedom?
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Which philosopher is often considered the true founder of political science due to his empirical approach?
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What is the primary focus of political science as a social science discipline?
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In which work does Plato primarily examine the concept of justice in political life?
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What area of political science focuses on the laws governing public governance?
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Which of the following philosophers argued for the idea that only philosophers should rule?
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What aspect does the area of Public Administration in political science concern itself with?
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What concept is associated with anomic suicide, which results from too much societal freedom?
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Which scholar proposed the Theory of Social Evolution?
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What was the main conclusion of Margaret Mead's study in 'Coming of Age in Samoa'?
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What does the term 'ethnocentric' refer to in the context of social evolution?
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In the study of sociology, which area examines social mobility and stratification?
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What concept did Ruth Benedict explore regarding cultures?
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Which aspect of sociology studies the impact of group life on individual personality formation?
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Who was one of the first anthropologists to study Japanese culture extensively?
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Which term describes the study of societal issues like crime, family problems, and health within sociology?
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What concept did Charles Horton Cooley introduce that emphasizes identity changes based on others' perceptions?
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Which of the following explains how culture is learned and maintained over time?
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Which sociologist is known for creating the concept of symbolic interactionism?
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What aspect of culture refers to its ability to change and adapt over time?
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Which sociologist used dramaturgical analysis to compare social interactions to theater performances?
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How does culture create patterned behaviors and interactions?
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Which perspective focuses on adopting ways specific to a cultural group?
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What defines the interconnectedness between society and individuals, as introduced by Charles Horton Cooley?
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What is the Latin origin of the term 'legitimacy'?
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Which type of authority is legitimized by a leader with a vision that inspires others?
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What is a defining characteristic of ethnocentrism?
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Who coined the term 'ethnocentrism'?
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How does ethnocentrism affect social cohesion?
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What is a challenge faced in blending indigenous culture with modern society?
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Which of the following is a recommended approach to address Filipino ethnocentrism?
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How did colonization influence Filipino identity?
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Study Notes
Culture, Society, and Politics
- Culture, society, and politics are interlinked concepts that influence human behavior and shape human experiences
- Culture originates from the Latin words “cultura” or “cultus” meaning care and cultivation.
- Society comes from the Latin word "socius" meaning comrade or friend.
- Politics comes from the Latin word "politika", meaning affairs of the cities.
Anthropology
- Anthropology is the study of humanity, encompassing physical traits, human behavior, variations among human groups, and the evolution of Homo Sapiens.
Subfields of Anthropology
- Biological Anthropology explores human biological diversity throughout history.
- Cultural Anthropology examines the cultures of different groups around the world.
- Linguistic Anthropology studies languages and their impact on culture.
- Archaeological Anthropology investigates past human societies through material remains.
Key Figures in Anthropology
- C. Henry Louis Morgan researched aboriginal peoples of North America and proposed the Theory of Social Evolution, which has since been criticized as ethnocentric.
- Ruth Benedict studied the influence of culture and religion on personality.
- Margaret Mead conducted research on adolescence in Samoa and explored the role of socialization in development.
Sociology
- Sociology is the study of social relationships and their impact on human behavior.
Areas of Sociology
- Social Organization examines social groups, institutions, stratification, mobility, ethnic relations, and bureaucracy.
- Social Change, Social Organization, and Social Disorganization focuses on the transition and challenges within cultures and social relations.
- Social Psychology delves into human nature, personality formation, and collective behavior.
Key Figures in Sociology
- Emile Durkheim studied societal influence, particularly suicide, and identified different types like fatalistic and anomic suicide.
- Max Weber highlighted the role of religion as a force in social change, emphasizing its impact on economic conditions and institutions.
- George Herbert Mead emphasized the importance of communication and symbols in micro-level social interactions.
- Herbert Blumer coined the term 'symbolic interactionism' to describe the study of human interactions and the meanings assigned to objects.
- Erving Goffman utilized dramaturgical analysis, comparing social interactions to theatrical performances.
- Charles Horton Cooley explored the looking glass self-concept, where individuals adapt their identities and personalities based on how others perceive them.
- Morris Ginsberg defined society as a group of individuals with specific, patterned behaviors that differentiate them from other groups.
- Franklin Giddings viewed society as a unified entity characterized by organized and formal relationships between individuals.
Aspects of Culture
- Dynamic, Flexible, & Adaptive: Culture evolves over time, influenced by societal structure.
- Shared & Contested: Culture is shared within a group, but doesn't guarantee uniformity.
- Learned through Socialization or Enculturation: Culture is acquired through ongoing practice and social interactions.
- Patterned Social Interactions: Culture creates predictable patterns of behavior and interactions.
- Integrated and at Times Unstable: Culture requires interconnected components to function effectively, where language plays a vital role.
- Transmitted through Socialization/Enculturation: Socialization involves learning societal rules, while enculturation involves adopting cultural ways.
Legitimacy
- Legitimacy: stems from the Latin word "legitimare," meaning "to declare lawful."
- Max Weber defined legitimacy as the basis of authority, involving obedience and prestige for those in positions of power.
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Types of Authority:
- Traditional: Legitimacy derived from tradition or custom.
- Charismatic: Legitimacy derived from a leader's inspiring mission and vision.
- Legal-Rational: Legitimacy based on legal rationality and the power of the law's content.
Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism
- Ethnocentrism: The belief in the superiority of one's own culture.
- Cultural Relativism Acknowledges the validity of diverse cultures and practices, promoting understanding and tolerance.
- Ethnocentrism: Can impede cross-cultural understanding and lead to prejudice and conflict.
- Cultural Relativism: Promotes respect for diversity and encourages learning from other cultures.
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Description
This quiz explores the interconnectedness of culture, society, and politics within anthropology. It covers key concepts, subfields, and prominent figures in the study of humanity. Test your understanding of how these elements influence human behavior and experiences.
