Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sociology and social psychology?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sociology and social psychology?
- Sociology and social psychology are identical fields of study.
- Social psychology is a subfield of sociology that focuses on individual behavior within social contexts. (correct)
- Sociology and social psychology are unrelated disciplines.
- Sociology is a subfield of social psychology that focuses on group behavior.
Material culture encompasses intangible aspects such as beliefs and values.
Material culture encompasses intangible aspects such as beliefs and values.
False (B)
What is the significance of 'socius' in relation to the term 'society'?
What is the significance of 'socius' in relation to the term 'society'?
comrade, companion, or friend
The systematic study of the state and government is known as _________.
The systematic study of the state and government is known as _________.
Match the following sociological methods with their descriptions:
Match the following sociological methods with their descriptions:
Which of the following aspects of governance ensures that policies are implemented effectively and resources are used efficiently?
Which of the following aspects of governance ensures that policies are implemented effectively and resources are used efficiently?
Which branch of anthropology is most concerned with studying the material remains of past cultures?
Which branch of anthropology is most concerned with studying the material remains of past cultures?
Sovereignty, in the context of political science, refers to the legitimacy of a government's power.
Sovereignty, in the context of political science, refers to the legitimacy of a government's power.
Which of the following is NOT considered an essential element of a state?
Which of the following is NOT considered an essential element of a state?
Name three of the areas of sociology according to Hauser.
Name three of the areas of sociology according to Hauser.
Which characteristic of good governance ensures that all members of society, especially the most vulnerable, have opportunities to improve or maintain their well-being?
Which characteristic of good governance ensures that all members of society, especially the most vulnerable, have opportunities to improve or maintain their well-being?
A citizen in a democratic community only enjoys civil rights, but not political rights.
A citizen in a democratic community only enjoys civil rights, but not political rights.
What term describes a government ruled by a small, privileged group?
What term describes a government ruled by a small, privileged group?
A government where power is constitutionally divided between a central authority and constituent political units is known as a ______ government.
A government where power is constitutionally divided between a central authority and constituent political units is known as a ______ government.
Match the following forms of government with their description:
Match the following forms of government with their description:
Which branch of science specifically studies the evolution of the human brain and its relationship to culture?
Which branch of science specifically studies the evolution of the human brain and its relationship to culture?
Lamarckism is the current, most widely accepted theory of evolution.
Lamarckism is the current, most widely accepted theory of evolution.
Which hominin genus is believed to be the first to use tools?
Which hominin genus is believed to be the first to use tools?
The study of skeletal remains to understand human evolution and past populations is known as human ______.
The study of skeletal remains to understand human evolution and past populations is known as human ______.
Which of the following represents the correct chronological order (from oldest to most recent) of human ancestor genera?
Which of the following represents the correct chronological order (from oldest to most recent) of human ancestor genera?
Flashcards
Culture
Culture
Customs, beliefs, social forms, and traits defining a group.
Material Culture
Material Culture
Tangible creations of a society (e.g., tools, art).
Non-material Culture
Non-material Culture
Intangible aspects of culture (e.g., beliefs, values).
Society
Society
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Politics
Politics
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Sociology
Sociology
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Sociological Inquiry
Sociological Inquiry
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Anthropology
Anthropology
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Political Science
Political Science
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Governance
Governance
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What is a State?
What is a State?
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Elements of a State
Elements of a State
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Citizenship
Citizenship
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Citizen
Citizen
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Government
Government
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Monarchy
Monarchy
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Aristocracy
Aristocracy
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Democracy
Democracy
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Paleontology
Paleontology
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Primatology
Primatology
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Study Notes
- Culture is custom beliefs, social forms, and traits defining racial, religious, or social groups.
Types of Culture:
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Material culture includes tangible items created by humans.
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Non-material culture encompasses learned or observed behaviors.
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Society is derived from the Latin "socius" meaning comrade or friend.
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Politics involves achieving and exercising governance over a human community.
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Sociology studies society and social interactions.
Areas of Sociology:
- Social organization
- Social Psychology
- Social Change
- Human Ecology
- Population Studies
- Sociological Theory and Research
- Applied Sociology
Methods, Techniques, and Tools in Sociology Inquiry:
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Experiment
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Survey
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Case Study
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Field Observation or Participation Observation
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Interviewing
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Historical Approach
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Anthropology is the study of man, his work, body, behavior, and values in time and space.
Branches or Subfields of Anthropology:
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Physical Anthropology
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Cultural Anthropology
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Archeology
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Fossils
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Linguistics
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Political Science is the systematic study of the state and government.
Scope in the Study of Political Science:
- Political Theory
- Public Law
- Public Administration
- Comparative Government
- Public International Law
Key Concepts in Political Science:
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Legitimacy
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Sovereignty
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Authority
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Governance is the process of decision-making and implementation.
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Good governance is participatory, consensus-oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective, efficient, equitable, inclusive, and follows the rule of law.
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A state is a community with a defined territory, independent of external control, and possesses a government to which inhabitants render habitual obedience
Elements of the State:
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People
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Territory
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Government
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Sovereignty
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Citizenship denotes membership of a citizen in a political society.
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A citizen is a member of a democratic community with full civil and political rights, receiving protection inside and outside the state.
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Government is the agency through which the state is formulated, expressed, and carried out.
Forms of Government:
- Monarchy and Tyranny refer to "Government of One"
Government of the Law:
- Aristocracy
- Oligarchy
Government of the Majority:
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Democracy
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Mobocracy
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Unitary and Federal Governments are based on the territorial delegation of power.
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Dictatorship, Totalitarianism, Fascism, and Communism are based on people's participation in government
Relationship between Executive and Legislative Branches:
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Parliamentary government
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Presidential government
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Inherent powers exist with the government from its inception and are essential for its existence.
Essential or Inherent Powers of Government:
- Police power
- Power of Eminent Domain
- Power of Taxation
Biological Evolution of Man:
- Paleontology studies human origins through fossil evidence.
- Primatology studies primates or hominids of the genus Homo, especially Homo sapiens.
- Neuroanthrology examines the evolution of the human brain and culture as a neurological adaptation.
- Human esteology studies skeletal materials.
- Human Evolution refers to the evolutionary history of the genus Homo.
- Evolution a slow process of change from simple to complex forms
Theories of Evolution:
- Lamarckism
- Darwinism
- Synthetic Theory or Neo-Darwinism
Stages in Human Evolution (Chronological Order):
- Dryopithecus
- Ramapithecus
- Australopithecus
- Homo habilis
- Homo erectus
- Homo Sapiens
- Neanderthalenses
- Homo sapiens or Cro-Magnon
Homosapiens Taxonomy:
- Domain: Eukaryota
- Kingdom: Animalia
- Phylum: Chordata
- Class: Mammalia
- Order: Primates
- Family: Homininae
- Genus: Homo
- Species: Homo sapiens
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Description
This lesson explores culture as customs, beliefs, and social forms. It distinguishes between material and non-material culture. It covers elements of society, politics, sociology exploring its areas, methods, and techniques, and introduces anthropology and its subfields.
