Culture & Ethics Lesson 3
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Questions and Answers

What does culture comprise of, according to Beldo (2010)?

  • Only morals and values
  • Only customs and traditions
  • Psychological, social, biological and material factors (correct)
  • Only behaviors

    • What do values serve as in a society?

  • Narrow guidelines in specific situations
  • Broad guidelines in all situations (correct)
  • Strict rules to be followed
  • Optional principles to consider

    • What is the term for the process by which individuals learn about their culture?

  • Assimilation
  • Enculturation (correct)
  • Socialization
  • Acculturation

    • What is the term for a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance?

    <p>Tradition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way in which enculturation occurs?

    <p>Through observation and interaction with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a cultural tradition?

    <p>The Pope's stand on LGBTQ+ issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of a person is typically referred to by the term 'character' in philosophy?

    <p>Moral dimension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central idea behind Aristotle's 'doctrines of the mean'?

    <p>Practicing moderation in moral behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of 'disposition' in the context of moral character?

    <p>A person's inherent qualities of mind and character</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of human acts, according to the text?

    <p>They are rational and deliberate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the will in human actions, according to the text?

    <p>It is the ability to choose what is good directed by reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of human actions, according to the text?

    <p>They have an element of the voluntary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg?

    <p>It is a natural process that occurs as a person grows into maturity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the repetitive or automatic actions that are influenced by habits, education, and habitus?

    <p>Repetition of Action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Kohlberg, what is the key factor in determining a person's moral development?

    <p>Their thought processes and responses to moral dilemmas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many levels of moral reasoning did Kohlberg identify?

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Heinz dilemma in Kohlberg's theory?

    <p>To assess a person's moral reasoning and decision-making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between human acts and acts of man?

    <p>Human acts are intentional, while acts of man are automatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of cultural relativism?

    <p>To understand a person's beliefs and activities based on their own culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of adopting the practices and values of another culture while still retaining one's own distinct culture?

    <p>Acculturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for judging a culture by one's own standards?

    <p>Ethnocentrism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the complete adoption of the dominant culture and rejection of one's own?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a custom?

    <p>A regular, patterned way of behaving that is characteristic of life in a social system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most basic unit of society?

    <p>Family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern for individuals in Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment?

    <p>Avoiding punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key characteristic of Level II: Conventional Morality?

    <p>Individuals internalize standards of authority figures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives moral judgments in Stage 2: Instrumental Purpose & Exchange?

    <p>Desire to meet personal needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern for individuals in Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation?

    <p>Maintaining social order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical age range for individuals in Level I: Preconventional Morality?

    <p>4-10 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of Stage 3: Good Boy/Good Girl?

    <p>Driven by a desire to please others</p> Signup and view all the answers

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