30 Questions
What does culture comprise of, according to Beldo (2010)?
Psychological, social, biological and material factors
What do values serve as in a society?
Broad guidelines in all situations
What is the term for the process by which individuals learn about their culture?
Enculturation
What is the term for a belief or behavior passed down within a group or society with symbolic meaning or special significance?
Tradition
What is the primary way in which enculturation occurs?
Through observation and interaction with others
What is an example of a cultural tradition?
The Pope's stand on LGBTQ+ issues
What aspect of a person is typically referred to by the term 'character' in philosophy?
Moral dimension
What is the central idea behind Aristotle's 'doctrines of the mean'?
Practicing moderation in moral behavior
What is the definition of 'disposition' in the context of moral character?
A person's inherent qualities of mind and character
What is the primary characteristic of human acts, according to the text?
They are rational and deliberate
What is the role of the will in human actions, according to the text?
It is the ability to choose what is good directed by reason
What is a key aspect of human actions, according to the text?
They have an element of the voluntary
What is the primary source of moral development according to Lawrence Kohlberg?
It is a natural process that occurs as a person grows into maturity
What is the term for the repetitive or automatic actions that are influenced by habits, education, and habitus?
Repetition of Action
According to Kohlberg, what is the key factor in determining a person's moral development?
Their thought processes and responses to moral dilemmas
How many levels of moral reasoning did Kohlberg identify?
Three
What is the purpose of the Heinz dilemma in Kohlberg's theory?
To assess a person's moral reasoning and decision-making
What is the main difference between human acts and acts of man?
Human acts are intentional, while acts of man are automatic
What is the primary goal of cultural relativism?
To understand a person's beliefs and activities based on their own culture
What is the process of adopting the practices and values of another culture while still retaining one's own distinct culture?
Acculturation
What is the term for judging a culture by one's own standards?
Ethnocentrism
What is the term for the complete adoption of the dominant culture and rejection of one's own?
Assimilation
What is a custom?
A regular, patterned way of behaving that is characteristic of life in a social system
What is the most basic unit of society?
Family
What is the primary concern for individuals in Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment?
Avoiding punishment
What is the key characteristic of Level II: Conventional Morality?
Individuals internalize standards of authority figures
What drives moral judgments in Stage 2: Instrumental Purpose & Exchange?
Desire to meet personal needs
What is the primary concern for individuals in Stage 4: Law and Order Orientation?
Maintaining social order
What is the typical age range for individuals in Level I: Preconventional Morality?
4-10 years old
What is the primary characteristic of Stage 3: Good Boy/Good Girl?
Driven by a desire to please others
Discover the complexities of culture, its psychological, social, biological, and material factors, and how it shapes our worldview, values, and beliefs. Learn about cultural traditions, expressions, and symbols. Get ready to explore the ethics of culture!
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