Podcast
Questions and Answers
According to Edward Tylor, what is culture characterized as?
According to Edward Tylor, what is culture characterized as?
Individual idiosyncratic behavior is considered part of culture.
Individual idiosyncratic behavior is considered part of culture.
False
Name one element of culture mentioned in the content.
Name one element of culture mentioned in the content.
Values (or norms, rituals, knowledge, myths, art)
Values are ideas about what in life is worthy of __________.
Values are ideas about what in life is worthy of __________.
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Which of the following statements about values in society is true?
Which of the following statements about values in society is true?
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The link between values and consumer behavior is demonstrated through the __________ model.
The link between values and consumer behavior is demonstrated through the __________ model.
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Match the following culture elements with their definitions:
Match the following culture elements with their definitions:
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Culture is static and does not change over time.
Culture is static and does not change over time.
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Which society is noted for valuing older members due to their wisdom?
Which society is noted for valuing older members due to their wisdom?
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Societies that encourage cooperation tend to accept comparative advertisements.
Societies that encourage cooperation tend to accept comparative advertisements.
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Which country is identified as the cleanest country in the world?
Which country is identified as the cleanest country in the world?
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In societies that value _____, people are more likely to embrace new products and changes.
In societies that value _____, people are more likely to embrace new products and changes.
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Which of the following values relate to a society’s relationship with the environment?
Which of the following values relate to a society’s relationship with the environment?
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Match the following societies with their respective characteristics regarding risk-taking and problem-solving:
Match the following societies with their respective characteristics regarding risk-taking and problem-solving:
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Americans generally view nature as something to be admired and preserved.
Americans generally view nature as something to be admired and preserved.
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What attitude do fatalistic societies tend to have towards problems?
What attitude do fatalistic societies tend to have towards problems?
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Which type of materialism is characterized by the acquisition of things to enable one to do something?
Which type of materialism is characterized by the acquisition of things to enable one to do something?
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Cultures that value individualism tend to make consumption decisions based on group consensus.
Cultures that value individualism tend to make consumption decisions based on group consensus.
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What do we call it when a society places a high value on the immediate acquisition of items for the sake of owning them?
What do we call it when a society places a high value on the immediate acquisition of items for the sake of owning them?
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In Muslim cultures, modesty is important, with __________% of Saudis viewing it as a significant value.
In Muslim cultures, modesty is important, with __________% of Saudis viewing it as a significant value.
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Match the following cultural values with their descriptions:
Match the following cultural values with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is an example of instrumental materialism?
Which of the following is an example of instrumental materialism?
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The acceptance of credit in a society typically reflects a preference for immediate gratification.
The acceptance of credit in a society typically reflects a preference for immediate gratification.
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What significant behavior do Thai students typically engage in during school holidays?
What significant behavior do Thai students typically engage in during school holidays?
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In cultures that emphasize collectivism, consumers are usually less __________ in their purchases.
In cultures that emphasize collectivism, consumers are usually less __________ in their purchases.
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Match the following terms related to consumer behavior with their definitions:
Match the following terms related to consumer behavior with their definitions:
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Which of the following scenarios exemplifies environment-oriented values?
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies environment-oriented values?
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In societies that value materialism, accumulation of wealth is often seen as less important than personal relationships.
In societies that value materialism, accumulation of wealth is often seen as less important than personal relationships.
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What percentage of older generations in parts of Latin America view work as a negative pursuit?
What percentage of older generations in parts of Latin America view work as a negative pursuit?
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The societal view that prioritizes the needs and roles of __________ can affect family life organization.
The societal view that prioritizes the needs and roles of __________ can affect family life organization.
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Study Notes
Culture as a Society's Personality
- Culture is a complex whole encompassing knowledge, beliefs, art, laws, morals, customs, and capabilities acquired by humans within a society.
- It's a learned behavior shared and adopted by members, differing across societies.
- Individual behaviors don't constitute culture; biological behaviors like hunger or clothing are not cultural practices.
Elements of Culture: Values
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Values: Societal ideas about worthy pursuits and conduct; desirable ends and means.
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Self-Oriented Values: Individual desires and objectives.
- Religiosity: Influences consumer behavior (e.g., religious holidays, food, and rituals).
- Work Ethic: Views on work vs. leisure, valuing work beyond economic necessities vary across cultures (Latin America vs. US/Hong Kong).
- Gratification: Preference for instant vs. delayed gratification impacts credit use.
- Sensual Gratification vs. Abstinence: Cultural views on enjoyment (e.g., food, drink, sex) affect advertising and consumer practices.
- Materialism: Instrumental (acquisition for use) vs. Terminal (acquisition for ownership).
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Other-Oriented Values: Societal relationships between individuals and groups.
- Individualism vs. Collectivism: Group consensus vs. individual decisions affect consumer choices and innovativeness.
- Diversity vs. Uniformity: Acceptance of variety (religious, ethnic, and political) impacts product preferences.
- Extended vs. Nuclear Family: Cultural emphasis on family obligations influences shopping behavior.
- Youth vs. Age: Cultural value of age and leadership influences societal views.
- Competitiveness vs. Cooperation: Societal views on competition (e.g., comparative ads) impacts acceptance.
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Environment-Oriented Values: Societal relationship to environment & economy.
- Cleanliness: Cultural emphasis on cleanliness beyond health; impacts consumer goods.
- Tradition vs. Change: Openness to change, acceptance of new products.
- Risk-Taking vs. Security: Cultural emphasis on risk-taking influences ad preferences.
- Problem-Solving vs. Fatalism: Attitude towards overcoming problems.
- Nature: Cultural view of nature (e.g., admiration vs. improvement) influences environmental practices and consumer behavior.
Global Comparisons
- World Values Survey: A global comparison of values, providing data on numerous countries since 1981.
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Description
Explore the intricate aspects of culture as the personality of a society. This quiz delves into the definition of culture, its elements, and the values that shape individual and collective behaviors. Understand how these aspects differ across various societies and influence daily life.
