Cultural Relativism and Foot Binding Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main idea of cultural relativism?

All cultures are equal in value, and ethical standards are culture-specific. (correct)

There is an objective standard of right and wrong across all cultures.

Cultural practices are only considered moral within a specific social context.

Cultural practices should be judged based on universal ethical principles.

Which cultural practice involves breaking the jawbone to create a heart-shaped face?

Plastic surgery in South Korea (correct)

Cannibalism practiced by the Sawi Tribe

Foot Binding in Chinese culture

Face Tattoos of Māori women in New Zealand

Which cultural practice was part of Chinese culture but was banned in the 1940s?

Foot Binding (correct)

Face Tattoos of Māori women in New Zealand

Heart-Shaped Faces through surgery in South Korea

Cannibalism by the Sawi Tribe

According to cultural relativism, how are ethical standards viewed within different cultures?

Ethical standards are culture-specific and vary between societies. Signup and view all the answers

Which belief aligns with cultural relativism?

Each culture is valuable and its practices should be understood within its context. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea of cultural relativism?

Cultural relativism suggests that all cultures have equal legitimacy. Signup and view all the answers

What determines if something is ethically acceptable in cultural relativism?

Society's set standard of morality Signup and view all the answers

How does cultural relativism view different cultures?

As equally valid expressions of human existence Signup and view all the answers

Why can't a society pass judgment on another society according to cultural relativism?

Because every society has different moral standards Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural relativism imply about the concept of truth?

It cannot be applied universally Signup and view all the answers

How does cultural relativism approach the idea of right and wrong?

Dependent on personal opinion Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the process of foot binding in China?

Petite feet considered highly attractive Signup and view all the answers

According to cultural relativism, what does the moral code of a society determine?

What is right within that society Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural relativism claim about judging one society’s moral code against another's?

There is no objective standard to judge Signup and view all the answers

What is the first lesson we can learn from cultural relativism?

Not all practices are based on absolute rational standards Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural relativism warn us about related to our customs?

Assuming they are based on absolute rational standards Signup and view all the answers

What does cultural relativism encourage us to do in terms of our feelings as we grow up?

Keep an open mind Signup and view all the answers

What is a common problem within the same faith?

Different interpretations of sacred scriptures Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of conflicting ethical standards mentioned in the text?

Disagreements on dietary restrictions Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text raise the question of whether people without religious beliefs have a moral code?

To explore the relationship between religion and morality Signup and view all the answers

What does the text highlight as a challenge even within the same faith?

Consistency in interpreting ethical issues Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what is a potential consequence of varying religious traditions?

A clash of different ethical standards Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text mention differences within the same faith?

To highlight challenges in interpreting scripture Signup and view all the answers

Why does Hobbes believe the social contract is necessary?

To avoid living in horrible conditions of constant violence Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of escaping the state of nature, as described by Hobbes?

Living in complete chaos with no rules Signup and view all the answers

Why would Hobbes argue that giving complete power to one ruler is a solution?

To avoid the chaos and brutality of the state of nature Signup and view all the answers

What does Hobbes suggest about the state of nature?

It is a permanent condition requiring social contracts Signup and view all the answers

How does Hobbes address the issue of potentially 'evil' leaders in a social contract?

By suggesting that evil leaders are an inevitable part of society Signup and view all the answers

In Hobbes' social contract theory, what is the purpose of giving complete power to one person?

To regulate human behavior and prevent violent interactions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Sources of Morality/Factors Affecting Ethical Thinking

Cultural Relativism

Cultural relativism is the view that all customs, beliefs, and ethics are relative to the individual within their own social context.
Right and wrong are culture-specific, and what is considered moral in one society may be considered immoral in another.
Cultural relativism challenges the objectivity and legitimacy of moral truth.
There are no moral truths that hold for all people at all times.
Examples of cultural practices that illustrate cultural relativism:
- Heart-shaped faces in South Korea through plastic surgery
- Face tattoos in Māori women of New Zealand
- Cannibalism and immolating widows in the Sawi tribe
- Foot binding in China
Cultural relativism warns us about assuming that all our practices are based on absolute rational standards.
It encourages us to keep an open mind and recognize that our customs are merely conventional and peculiar to our society.

Ethical Subjectivism

Ethical subjectivism is not explicitly defined in the text, but it is mentioned as a topic under Sources of Morality/Factors Affecting Ethical Thinking.

Social contract theory is the idea that we collectively agree to follow laws and give unlimited power to leaders or rulers to ensure we all follow them.
This theory is attributed to Thomas Hobbes, who argued that it is necessary to avoid living in horrible conditions where everyday life is a violent struggle.
According to Hobbes, the social contract is necessary to improve our society and avoid the state of nature, which is chaotic and brutal.
Hobbes' social contract theory presents a choice between living in a state of complete freedom and chaos, or giving complete and unlimited power to one person to regulate human behavior and avoid conflict.

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Test your knowledge on the cultural practice of foot binding in China and the concept of cultural relativism. Explore how cultural relativism challenges the idea of objective moral truth and how different societies have unique moral codes.

Cultural Relativism and Foot Binding Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main idea of cultural relativism?

Which cultural practice involves breaking the jawbone to create a heart-shaped face?

Which cultural practice was part of Chinese culture but was banned in the 1940s?

According to cultural relativism, how are ethical standards viewed within different cultures?

Which belief aligns with cultural relativism?

What is the main idea of cultural relativism?

What determines if something is ethically acceptable in cultural relativism?

How does cultural relativism view different cultures?

Why can't a society pass judgment on another society according to cultural relativism?

What does cultural relativism imply about the concept of truth?

How does cultural relativism approach the idea of right and wrong?

What was the result of the process of foot binding in China?

According to cultural relativism, what does the moral code of a society determine?

What does cultural relativism claim about judging one society’s moral code against another's?

What is the first lesson we can learn from cultural relativism?

What does cultural relativism warn us about related to our customs?

What does cultural relativism encourage us to do in terms of our feelings as we grow up?

What is a common problem within the same faith?

What is an example of conflicting ethical standards mentioned in the text?

Why does the text raise the question of whether people without religious beliefs have a moral code?

What does the text highlight as a challenge even within the same faith?

In the context of the text, what is a potential consequence of varying religious traditions?

Why does the text mention differences within the same faith?

Why does Hobbes believe the social contract is necessary?

What is one potential consequence of escaping the state of nature, as described by Hobbes?

Why would Hobbes argue that giving complete power to one ruler is a solution?

What does Hobbes suggest about the state of nature?

How does Hobbes address the issue of potentially 'evil' leaders in a social contract?

In Hobbes' social contract theory, what is the purpose of giving complete power to one person?

Study Notes

Sources of Morality/Factors Affecting Ethical Thinking

Cultural Relativism

Ethical Subjectivism

Social Contract Theory

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