Cultural Relativism and Ethnocentrism Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main concept discussed in the text?

  • Ethical Relativism
  • Cultural Relativism
  • Cultural Appreciation
  • Ethnocentrism (correct)

What does Ethnocentrism lead individuals to automatically believe about other cultures?

  • They are inferior to one's own culture (correct)
  • They are equal to one's own culture
  • They are superior to one's own culture
  • They are irrelevant compared to one's own culture

What does Ethical Relativism suggest about cultural understanding?

  • Understanding culture leads to moral superiority
  • Each culture has its own set of ethics that should be respected (correct)
  • Cultural practices can be objectively ranked from best to worst
  • Every culture has the same ethical standards

How does Ethnocentrism impact the perception of one's own culture?

<p>It places one's own culture at the center (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of Ethnocentrism as described in the text?

<p>Encourages solidarity within a group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Cultural Relativism contribute to attaining cultural understanding?

<p>By recognizing and respecting different cultural norms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the way out of ethnocentrism when you judge people who are different from you?

<p>Stop judging others and acknowledge cultural differences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of believing that there are primitive cultures different from your own?

<p>Development of ethnocentrism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can you overcome the belief that some cultures are backward due to a lack of technology and consumerism?

<p>Remember that all cultures have unique ways of meeting human needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can an appreciation of other cultures be attained?

<p>By acquiring sufficient knowledge about the culture in question (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key functions of ethnocentrism?

<p>Considering your culture as superior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to unlearn the idea that your culture is superior and all others are inferior?

<p>To promote cross-cultural understanding (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ethnocentrism promote positively?

<p>Continuance of the state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does ethnocentrism hinder understanding or cooperation between groups?

<p>By fostering suspicion, disdain, and hostility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does ethnocentrism become a vehicle for the promotion of social change?

<p>Through peaceful evolution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What negative impact does ethnocentrism have on interaction with different cultures?

<p>Fosters conflict and hostility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does ethnocentrism view the ways of 'inferior' groups?

<p>With suspicion, disdain, and hostility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the second function of ethnocentrism mentioned in the text?

<p>Hindering understanding between groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ethnocentrism

The belief that one's own culture is superior to others and viewing other cultures through the lens of one's own cultural values.

Ethnocentric Perception of Other Cultures

Ethnocentrism leads individuals to automatically believe that other cultures are inferior to their own culture.

Ethical Relativism

Ethical relativism suggests that each culture has its own set of ethical rules and values that should be respected, even if they differ from your own.

Ethnocentrism and Cultural Centrality

Ethnocentrism places one's own culture at the center of the universe, leading to a biased view of other cultures.

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Ethnocentrism and Group Solidarity

Ethnocentrism encourages solidarity within a group by emphasizing shared values and beliefs, promoting a sense of 'we' against 'them.'

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Cultural Relativism and Cultural Understanding

Cultural relativism recognizes and respects different cultural norms, promoting understanding and tolerance across cultures.

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Overcoming Ethnocentric Judgment

To overcome ethnocentrism when judging others, we must stop judging based on our own cultural standards and acknowledge that different cultures have different norms.

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Ethnocentrism and Primitive Cultures

The belief that there are primitive cultures, different from your own, leads to ethnocentrism by creating a sense of superiority over those perceived as 'backward.'

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Overcoming the 'Backward' Culture Myth

To overcome the idea that some cultures are backward due to a lack of technology and consumerism, remember that all cultures have unique ways of meeting human needs, based on their environment and history.

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Appreciating Other Cultures

Appreciation of a culture can be attained by acquiring sufficient knowledge about it, understanding its history, values, beliefs, and traditions.

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Ethnocentrism and Cultural Superiority

Ethnocentrism serves as a tool for defining one's own culture as superior to others. It promotes the belief that 'we' are better than 'them.'

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Unlearning Cultural Superiority

Unlearning the notion that your culture is superior and all others are inferior is essential for promoting understanding and cooperation between groups.

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Ethnocentrism and State Continuity

Ethnocentrism can positively promote the continuation of the state by fostering a sense of unity and belonging among its citizens, promoting conformity and shared values.

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Ethnocentrism and Intergroup Conflict

Ethnocentrism hinders understanding and cooperation between groups by fostering suspicion, disdain, and hostility towards those perceived as 'different.'

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Ethnocentrism and Social Change

Ethnocentrism can act as a vehicle for social change through peaceful evolution, as people challenge existing norms and traditions through the lens of their own cultural values.

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Ethnocentrism and Cross-Cultural Conflict

Ethnocentrism negatively impacts interaction with different cultures by fostering conflict and hostility due to misunderstanding and prejudice.

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Ethnocentric View of 'Inferior' Groups

Ethnocentrism views the ways of 'inferior' groups with suspicion, disdain, and hostility, failing to recognize their value and contribution.

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Ethnocentrism and Intergroup Barriers

Ethnocentrism serves another function by hindering understanding and cooperation between groups, creating a barrier to communication and empathy.

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Study Notes

Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism

  • Ethnocentrism is the tendency to judge other cultures based on one's own cultural norms and values, believing that one's own culture is superior.
  • It is a universal human reaction found in all known societies, groups, and individuals.
  • Ethnocentrism can be seen in three ways:
    • Believing that other cultures are primitive because they are different from one's own.
    • Believing that some cultures are backward because they lack the technology and consumerism of one's own culture.
    • Believing that one's own culture is the most natural or superior way of understanding the world.

Negative Effects of Ethnocentrism

  • It hinders understanding and cooperation between groups.
  • It promotes attitudes of suspicion, disdain, and hostility towards other cultures.
  • It can lead to conflict and social change.

Cultural Relativism

  • It is the appreciation of other cultures, recognizing that all cultures provide their members with the means to meet their human needs.
  • It is essential for understanding and cooperation between groups.
  • There are two reasons for cultural relativism:
    • Acquisition of sufficient knowledge about the culture in question.
    • Believing that one's own culture is not superior to others.

Functions of Ethnocentrism

  • It promotes solidarity of a group.
  • It encourages the continuance of the state.
  • It can be a vehicle for the promotion of social change through peaceful evolution.

Overcoming Ethnocentrism

  • Recognize that all cultures are equal and provide their members with the means to meet their human needs.
  • Unlearn the belief that one's own culture is superior to others.
  • Remember that there are no primitive or backward cultures.

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