Cultural Concepts and Social Change Quiz
53 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of material culture?

  • The abstract ideas and beliefs influencing behavior.
  • The physical objects created and used by a society. (correct)
  • The shared language and communication within a group.
  • The collective values determining right and wrong.

    • Which of the following elements is considered a component of non-material culture?

  • Physical artworks and artifacts.
  • Established rules of conduct. (correct)
  • Technological advancements.
  • Structures of infrastructure.

    • What is the primary function of symbols within a culture?

  • To meaningfully represent something else. (correct)
  • To establish rules of behaviour in society.
  • To create values and standards of conduct.
  • To provide concrete representations of physical items.

    • How does language contribute to culture?

    <p>It enables people to think and communicate ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of norms in a culture?

    <p>To establish rules or standards of conduct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best captures the concept of 'group' in a cultural context?

    <p>It functions as a shared understanding of concepts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary emphasis of an 'individual' perspective in a cultural context?

    <p>Developing their own personality and behaviours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is competition viewed within the context of achieving success?

    <p>As a method for driving progress and achieving excellence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these actions is MOST effective in addressing social injustice?

    <p>Challenging long-held institutional beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of effective social change?

    <p>Having a defined outcome and making the campaign about others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can words MOST effectively influence societal change?

    <p>By being used to both subjugate and unite cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential negative impact of celebrity involvement in social movements?

    <p>Overshadowing the main message of the campaign.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributes most to the formal integration of biases into society?

    <p>Biases being codified into formal policies and procedures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to feminist theory, what is the primary cause of women's historical oppression?

    <p>Complex historical, cultural, and social processes leading to male dominance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Simone de Beauvoir mean by stating, 'One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman'?

    <p>That gender and identity are predominantly shaped by social conditioning through one's culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might cultural stereotypes in media impact our perception of other cultures?

    <p>It often leads to marginalization and caricature of non-dominant groups, and can result in a single, limited and distorted perspective of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents a 'symbolic' cultural expression?

    <p>The use of specific colours in art to express a political idea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the idea that 'culture needs community (framework)'?

    <p>Culture is only relevant within established social structures and groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cultural elements represents the 'norms' of a society?

    <p>The rule that people should not interrupt each other during conversations, and be polite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of 'cultural loss' refer to?

    <p>The inevitable replacement of older cultural patterns by new ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between 'accumulation' and 'assimilation' regarding cultural change?

    <p>Accumulation involves adopting some new beliefs without discarding entirely the original culture, while assimilation demands a complete rejection of a former culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, how can cultural expressions challenge the status quo?

    <p>By highlighting social issues and existing power dynamics to force social change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of 'values' as an element of culture?

    <p>They guide cultural standards and societal ideals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of culture in relation to groups?

    <p>Establishing individual boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does culture impact individual behavior?

    <p>It provides a guide for new situations, and interpretations for familiar ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an intangible aspect of culture?

    <p>Verbal expressions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to George Murdock, what is a ‘cultural universal’?

    <p>General ideas and practices across all human cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Johann Herder's worldview definition of culture emphasizes the connection between culture and:

    <p>The attitude toward the world and artistic expressions of a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Clifford Geertz's symbolist definition of culture focuses primarily on:

    <p>The historical transmission of meaning through symbols.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to UNESCO, which of the following is the best description of 'culture' in an inclusive way?

    <p>It includes the unique characteristics of people such as their lifestyle, beliefs, and values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean that culture is 'layered'?

    <p>Culture contains both surface-level and deeper aspects, as well as subcultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes how culture creates structure?

    <p>It provides stability, predictability, and continuity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of culture, how is 'deviance' defined?

    <p>Behavior that differs in any way from the established norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a 'theoretical perspective' in social sciences?

    <p>To provide a viewpoint on a subject that guides systematic research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes Structural Functionalism?

    <p>It assumes society is a system that promotes social cohesion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the main focus of a conflict theory?

    <p>The social, political, and material inequalities between different groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes Symbolic Interactionism?

    <p>The way society uses symbols in interactions and the meanings attached to them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A cultural materialist will examine which of the following?

    <p>The influence of environment and tech on daily life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines a cultural complex?

    <p>A cluster of interrelated cultural traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the belief that one's own culture is superior to others?

    <p>Ethnocentrism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following would be considered a nonmaterial aspect of culture?

    <p>A system of shared values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A subculture is best described as:

    <p>A group within a society that shares distinct characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of a counterculture?

    <p>A group that actively campaigns against gender norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of diffusion as a source of social change?

    <p>The adoption of a smartphone technology from another society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes 'cultural lag'?

    <p>When some parts of a culture change more slowly than others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of 'jetsam'?

    <p>Cargo thrown overboard to lighten a ship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An artifact is primarily used to:

    <p>Connect a present culture to its past</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systemic barriers, such as power dynamics and cultural appropriation, are distinguished by:

    <p>Arising from societal policies, procedures, and practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is likely to happen when a dominant culture adopts elements of a different culture?

    <p>The elements may be monetized and stripped from their original meaning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stereotypes are considered to be:

    <p>Unfair judgements made about a group of people based on assumed qualities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concept of 'filtering' as a barrier to cross-cultural communication, involves:

    <p>Selectively listening based on one's own preconceived notions and biases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the first recommended step in dismantling barriers to cultural understanding?

    <p>Acknowledging that barriers hinder our cultural understanding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a social movement?

    <p>To cause either social change or resist aspects of current social system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    UNIT 1: CULTURE AS A CONSTRUCT

    • Culture: Defined as the characteristics and knowledge of a particular group, encompassing language, religion, cuisine, social habits, music, and arts. Values and beliefs constantly evolve.
    • Material Culture: Tangible aspects of a culture—physical objects, technology (developed from raw materials). It is the visible "tip" of a larger iceberg of cultural elements.
    • Non-Material Culture: Intangible aspects, like language, beliefs, values, behaviours, family structures, and political systems. Provides a sense of identity (region, family, religion, community).
    • Symbols: Anything carrying meaning, including objects, gestures, language, and even rituals.
    • Language: A system of symbols enabling thought and communication.
    • Values: Shared beliefs about what is good/bad, right/wrong, and desirable/undesirable.
    • Norms: Rules of behaviour outlining acceptable conduct.
    • Culture as Context: Examining culture within larger societal contexts, including origin, ethnic background, subcultures and how they function in society.
    • Best vs. Better: Competition is often seen as a driver of excellence but potentially influenced by capitalism.
    • Group vs. Individual: Groups provide social cohesion, shared values, and alignment. Individuals need independence for personality development and a sense of self.

    UNIT 1: CULTURE AS A CONSTRUCT (Continued)

    • Culture & Group: Culture strengthens social relationships and promotes cooperation. It can create new needs.
    • Culture & Individual: Culture differentiates humans from animals, offering behavioral guidelines for complex situations and interpretation of experiences.
    • Cultural Elements: Language, norms, beliefs, ideologies, statuses, roles, social interactions, and cultural integration are important components.
    • Tangible/Intangible Cultural Elements: Discusses physical objects (artwork) versus non-physical ones (expression, celebrations).
    • Cultural Universals: General characteristics found across cultures, such as families, survival needs, illness/healing, life/death, and humour (identified by George Murdock).
    • Worldview Definition of Culture: Culture is an attitude toward the world, reflecting a people's values through artistic expressions (Johann Herder).
    • Symbolic Definition of Culture: Culture is transmitted through symbols, enabling communication, knowledge, and attitudes toward life (Clifford Geertz).
    • Inclusive Definition of Culture: Culture encompasses spiritual, material, intellectual, emotional aspects, including lifestyles, traditions, beliefs (UNESCO).
    • Subcultures: Distinct groups within a larger culture differing in beliefs but sharing in aspects of the larger culture.
    • Culture is Learned: Culture is not inherent but acquired through teaching and experience, impacting views on family, society, and other aspects of life.
    • Culture is Layered: Combines real and ideal, surface-level and deep-seeded, subcultures, and cultural universals.
    • Culture is Interrelated: Individuals identify with multiple cultures (age, gender, sexuality, race, ethnicity, nationality, interests).

    UNIT 1: CULTURE AS A CONSTRUCT (Continued)

    • Culture Creates Structure: Culture provides structure, predictability, and continuity; however, some aspects change over generations.
    • Norms: Specific rules of standard behaviour, some of which are unchanging.
    • Deviance: Behaviour differing from norms, ranging from minor to significant.
    • Customs/Beliefs/Attitudes: These form habits or ways of behaving, speaking, dressing, and developing practices and beliefs used to solve problems. They also include positive or negative evaluations toward concepts/objects.
    • Module 4: Theoretical Perspectives:
      • Structural Functionalism: Views society as complex interrelated parts working together; focuses on how society works.
      • Conflict Theory: Emphasizes social, political, or material inequalities, focusing on continuous struggles between groups (e.g., Indigenous peoples).
      • Symbolic Interactionism: Emphasizes how individuals interpret and react to interactions, giving meaning to their experiences with others.
      • Cultural Materialism: Focuses on culture as influenced by the resources, technology, and environment used to understand cultural change.
      • Feminist Theory: Investigates gender inequality, oppression, and patriarchy.

    UNIT 2: CULTURE AS EXPRESSION

    • Cultural & Perception: Media, entertainment, and popular culture shape perceptions of culture, potentially based on stereotypes.
    • Cultural Expression: Refers to the creativity of individuals, groups, and societies; forms such as art, dance, music, food embody beliefs.
    • Symbolic Expression: Culture objects/items represent and express personal culture.
    • Spiritual Expression: Culture expression tied to religious contexts.
    • Functional Expression: The creation of function or usefulness of an object or item.
    • Philosophical Expression: Culture questioning existential questions, choices, and personal impact.
    • Artistic Expression: Artistic creations shaped by cultural knowledge.
    • Framework for Culture: Culture's structure provides a foundation for individual expression and personalization (community, ethnicity, traditions).

    UNIT 2: CULTURE AS EXPRESSION (Continued)

    • Elements of Culture: Symbols, values, beliefs, norms, folkways, mores, and taboos.
    • Traditional Cultural Expressions: Practiced within families and communities; demonstrate pride in cultural preservation.
    • Cultural Change: Cultures evolve over time, often in response to social turmoil; some may resist change; change is typically gradual and challenging.
    • Cultural Loss: The inevitable consequence of old cultural patterns being replaced by new ones.
    • Resisting Change: Processes include habit, integration, and interdependencies in culture institutions acting as a barrier against change.
    • Diffusion: The movement of ideas and things between cultures; meaning can be altered or remain unchanged.
    • Accumulation: Culture change when two or more cultures come into contact, often with the adaptation of new elements from a dominant culture.
    • Assimilation: A more extreme form of cultural change, where a culture completely adopts the dominant culture, rejecting its original culture.
    • Transculturation: The blending of different cultural elements.

    UNIT 3: CULTURE AS DYNAMIC - BARRIERS TO UNDERSTANDING

    • Barriers to Culture: Factors preventing cultural understanding, including visible or invisible barriers intentionally or unintentionally created by individuals, institutions, or societies.
    • Power Dynamics: Those in power often have the ability to create conflict and maintain existing power structures, potentially leading to challenges to a culture's viewpoint.
    • Cultural Appropriation: The adoption of elements from one culture by another culture, often when power imbalances exist.
    • Systemic Barriers: Policies, procedures, or practices discriminating against specific groups limiting equal access to resources and power.
    • Media Representations: Media significantly impact perceptions of culture, potentially fostering stereotypes or limited viewpoints.
    • Stereotypes: Unfair generalizations about groups, potentially leading to discrimination, racial profiling, hate crimes, and bullying.
    • Generational Barriers: Conflicts in values between generations, leading to loss of traditional values.
    • Colonization: The domination of one group over another through invasion and appropriation of authority and dominance.
    • Labels: Identifying people based on assumed qualities, leading to prejudice and discrimination.

    UNIT 3: CULTURE AS DYNAMIC - TEARING DOWN THE WALLS

    • Barriers to Cross-Cultural Communication: Ethnocentrism, stereotyping, filtering, assumptions of similarities, and avoidance.
    • Barriers to Understanding: Intentional or unintentional, conscious/subconscious effects on cultural group relations, interactions with own communities, and cultural identity.
    • Dismantling Barriers: Recognizing barriers to understanding, acknowledging problems, seeking methods, and recognizing the complexities of each perspective.
    • Module 10: Brick by Brick...: Speaking up to confront social injustices/barriers and start social movements, address deeply-rooted institutional beliefs, and challenge unfair notions about certain cultures, removing the "mortar" that holds these negative views together, using words constructively, and recognizing the influence and effect of words to bring more awareness to social issues.
    • Social Movement: A purposeful, organized group striving for a common goal, creating change or resistance, providing political voice.
    • Types of Social Movements: Alternative (personal change), redemptive (spiritual change), reformative (specific change), and revolutionary (total change).
    • Module 11: ...to the Foundation: Addressing social injustice requires challenging long-held institutional beliefs, chipping away at the foundation of social inequality via efforts.
    • Celebrity Involvement: Celebrity-led campaigns can have a positive or negative impact on awareness of social issues.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your understanding of key concepts related to material and non-material culture, symbols, language, and norms. This quiz also explores the dynamics of group versus individual perspectives in cultural contexts and the role of social change. Dive into the factors affecting social injustice and examine feminist theory's viewpoints.

    More Like This

    Cultural Concepts and Theories Quiz
    25 questions

    Cultural Concepts and Theories Quiz

    EnthralledSaxhorn avatar
    EnthralledSaxhorn
    Cultural Concepts and Globalization
    22 questions

    Cultural Concepts and Globalization

    TenaciousFeynman9892 avatar
    TenaciousFeynman9892
    Traditions concepts
    15 questions

    Traditions concepts

    SubsidizedZircon avatar
    SubsidizedZircon
    Cultural Concepts and Elements
    43 questions

    Cultural Concepts and Elements

    FinestFermium8929 avatar
    FinestFermium8929
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser