CST8116 Week 09: Selection Structure

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Questions and Answers

What is the output when the input number is exactly 10?

number is greater than 10

number is not a valid input

number is equal to 10 (correct)

number is less than 10

What occurs when the input number is greater than 10 in the provided structure?

Flowchart ends unexpectedly

Output indicates the number is less than 10

Output states the number is greater than 10 (correct)

Output stops without any message

How does the use of AND and OR operators affect decision-making in the nested logic?

They only apply to one specific logic branch.

They simplify the decision-making process.

They complicate the decision-making with more branches. (correct)

They eliminate the need for any decision structure.

What is the significance of the order of logic in nested selection structures?

Choosing the wrong order can affect program performance. Signup and view all the answers

What will happen if the number entered is outside the specified range in the AND condition example?

Output 'not 42' Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a selection structure in programming?

To make decisions based on data and logic Signup and view all the answers

Which selection structure is best described as offering a single outcome based on a condition?

Single-alternative selection structure Signup and view all the answers

In a dual-alternative selection structure, which option describes the output when a number input is exactly 10?

The program does not address the value of 10 Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum numeric grade needed to receive a letter grade of B?

70 Signup and view all the answers

Which logical operators can be utilized in a selection structure?

AND, OR, and NOT Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following grades corresponds to the letter grade of C?

68 Signup and view all the answers

What type of selection structure allows for different paths to be taken based on a value range?

Nested selection structure Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using nested if-else statements for grading?

To efficiently check ranges of values Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of a single-alternative selection structure?

It does not provide alternative outcomes Signup and view all the answers

Which selection structure is recommended for decision making based on ranges of values?

Nested if-else structure Signup and view all the answers

How can boundary cases be tested within selection structures?

By utilizing conditions that include upper and lower limits Signup and view all the answers

In the selection structure presented, how is an invalid option indicated?

By using 'default' in the case structure Signup and view all the answers

In the context of selection structures, what is the NOT operator used for?

To negate a boolean value Signup and view all the answers

What is one advantage of using the case structure over multiple if-else statements?

It provides better performance for single value matches Signup and view all the answers

Which letter grade corresponds to a numeric grade of 0?

F Signup and view all the answers

What numeric grade is required to just pass with a D?

50 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Course Information

Course title: CST8116 Intro. to Comp. Prog.
Week: 09
Lesson: 01
Topic: Selection Structure (Decisions)

Selection Structure (Decisions)

Selection Structure is also called Decision Structure
Permits a program to make decisions based on data and logic
Results in different program sequences being executed
Starts with a boolean expression
Takes one of two paths
Most languages use 'if', 'if-then-else' or a 'Case' structure (Java 'switch')

Single-Alternative Selection Structure

A simple program receives numeric input
Determines if the input is less than 10
Outputs a message if the condition is true

Dual-Alternative selection structure

Determines if a number is less than 10 or greater than 10
Outputs different messages depending on whether the condition is true or false

What about 10?

A value of exactly 10 may be misclassified (greater than or less than)
The program needs to be modified to handle this correctly
Could require a more complex logic (nested if).

Nested Selection Structure

A structure of if and else statements within an if statement
Evaluates conditions in order to execute an output statement
The program checks if the input number is less than, greater than or equal to 10. The output is the appropriate descriptive outcome.

Nested Logic for Ranges of Values

A simplified way to avoid checking every range
For example, there are letter grades with ranges
A program that assigns a grade based on the input range.

Using AND and OR

AND operator combines conditions
OR operator checks if either condition is true, even if the other is false
Used to create more complex logic to address more intricate conditions, and ranges of values..

Testing Boundary Cases

Focusing on input values at end-points (the boundaries) or "border cases".
Important for checking program robustness and accuracy, and validity.

Selection Structure: Case

Specialized structure that compares a value directly with a series of values.
A useful choice when matching with exact values.
A simplified example for a program that handles two specific inputs with different branches.

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Description

This quiz covers the basics of Selection Structure, also known as Decision Structure, in programming. You will learn how to implement single-alternative and dual-alternative selection structures. The quiz will explore the use of boolean expressions and how programs can follow different logical paths based on input values.