CSS and HTML Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the 'align' attribute in the HTML element <p align='left'> Welcome </p>?

  • To determine the alignment of the paragraph (correct)
  • To specify the text color
  • To set the background color
  • To define the font size

In the CSS syntax p { color: green; }, what part is the 'color'?

  • Property (correct)
  • Declaration
  • Value
  • Selector

Which of the following is a method to include CSS in an HTML document?

  • Embedded Style Sheet
  • Both B and C (correct)
  • JavaScript Style Sheet
  • Inline Style Sheet

What does the declaration block in CSS contain?

<p>Properties and their values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which CSS method is best for styling multiple pages of a website?

<p>External CSS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an internal CSS example, where should the <style> element be placed?

<p>Inside the head section (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the 'style' attribute in an inline CSS example?

<p>To apply CSS directly to a specific HTML element (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly identifies the selector in the CSS structure p { color: green; font-size: 12px; }?

<p>p (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of CSS?

<p>To simplify the process of making web pages presentable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which analogy best represents the role of HTML and CSS together?

<p>A skeleton and stylish clothing. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes HTML and CSS?

<p>HTML creates the content, and CSS styles how that content is presented. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was CSS developed?

<p>To provide a unified method of styling multiple web pages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What visual elements can CSS control on a webpage?

<p>Layout, colors, fonts, spacing, and more. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding HTML and CSS?

<p>HTML serves as the backbone while CSS adds the aesthetics. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a benefit of using CSS?

<p>It simplifies maintenance of the styles across multiple pages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are CSS rules typically written?

<p>Using curly braces { } and semicolons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct HTML code to link an external CSS file named 'styles.css'?

<link rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' href='styles.css'> (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which color model allows for the definition of color with transparency levels?

<p>RGBa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about external CSS is true?

<p>Multiple external stylesheets can be linked to a single HTML page. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property specifies the background color for the body element in 'mystyle.css'?

<p>body { background-color: lightblue; } (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct RGB value representation for the color white?

<p>255, 255, 255 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of using inline CSS?

<p>It requires writing style for every HTML element individually. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can hexadecimal color values be abbreviated?

<p>Double-digits can be condensed to single digits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If an HTML document utilizes both internal and external CSS, which will take precedence?

<p>Inline CSS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In HSL, what does hue represent?

<p>The position on the color wheel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of CSS is used to style a specific HTML page rather than the entire site?

<p>Internal CSS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following color values is not a valid format for RGB?

<p>hsl(0,100%,50%) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the saturation value in HSL color format signify?

<p>Intensity or vividness of the color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What file extension should an external CSS file have?

<p>.css (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of external CSS?

<p>It can contain inline styles. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many predefined color names does CSS3 provide?

<p>140 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the equivalent condensed hexadecimal representation of the color #FF0066?

<p>#F06 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the color property in CSS primarily affect?

<p>The text and border color of an element (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which value is NOT an option for the background-repeat property?

<p>once (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you set the background-position to center top?

<p>The image is placed at the top of the element, centered horizontally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the background-color property differ from the color property?

<p><code>background-color</code> fills the area behind the text, while <code>color</code> affects text and border (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly specifies a background-position?

<p><code>background-position: center center;</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the repeat-y value do in the background-repeat property?

<p>Tiles the background image vertically only (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property is used to specify the position of the background image?

<p>background-position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does setting background-repeat to space have?

<p>The background image will repeat but will include spaces around it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is CSS?

CSS is a language used to style web pages, controlling elements' appearance such as color, fonts, and layout.

CSS vs HTML

HTML creates the content and structure of a webpage, while CSS applies styles and presentation.

Why CSS?

CSS makes web development more efficient by separating style from HTML content, simplifying maintenance and enhancing consistency.

Why CSS? (Problem)

Initially, HTML was designed to define content, not style. However, adding formatting tags directly to HTML led to cumbersome code and difficult maintenance.

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CSS Solution

The W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) created CSS to address the issue of inline styling within HTML, separating style from content for easier management and consistency.

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Styling Links with CSS

CSS allows you to apply different styles to links (hyperlinks) based on their state (normal, hover, visited, active), providing a user-friendly and visually appealing experience.

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CSS Layout and Positioning

CSS controls how elements are arranged on a webpage, including their size, position, and spacing, giving you ultimate control over the layout.

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Web Development Trinity

CSS, along with HTML and JavaScript, forms the core of web development. HTML provides structure, CSS adds style, and JavaScript enables interactivity.

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HTML Element

An HTML element is a building block of an HTML document. It represents a specific content element, such as a paragraph, heading, or image.

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HTML Attribute

An HTML element has attributes that provide additional information about the element. For example, the align attribute in <p align="left"> specifies the alignment of the paragraph text.

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HTML Attribute Value

The value of an attribute specifies a particular setting or characteristic for the attribute. For example, in <p align="left">, the value of the align attribute is "left", determining the alignment of the paragraph text.

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HTML Start and End Tags

The start tag marks the beginning of an HTML element, while the end tag marks its end. Tags have specific names, like <p> for a paragraph, and are often paired to enclose the content of the element.

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CSS

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language used to describe the style and presentation of web documents. It governs how webpages look, including fonts, colors, layouts, and more.

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CSS Selector

A selector in CSS is used to target a specific HTML element or group of elements to apply styles to. Examples include p (targets all paragraphs), h1 (targets all level 1 headings), or .special (targets elements with the class "special").

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CSS Declaration Block

A declaration block in CSS holds the style rules applied to the selected element(s). It is enclosed in curly braces {} and contains property-value pairs separated by semicolons.

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CSS Property

A CSS property defines a specific characteristic or attribute of an HTML element that can be styled. Example properties include color (sets text color), font-size (sets text size), and background-color (sets background color).

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External CSS File

An external CSS file is a separate file with a .css extension that contains CSS rules for styling a website. It allows you to centralize and manage your styles in one place for improved organization and efficiency. You reference the external CSS file within your HTML document using the <link> tag in the <head> section, allowing the styles to apply to the entire website.

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<link> tag

The <link> tag is used to link an external CSS file to your HTML document. It's placed within the <head> section of the HTML document and defines various attributes to connect to the external CSS file.

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Inline CSS

Inline CSS is a direct way to style HTML elements. The styles are written directly within the HTML element itself using the style attribute. This approach is best suited for quick, isolated changes but is less efficient for larger projects.

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Internal CSS

Internal CSS allows you to define styles within the <head> section of your HTML document using the <style> tag. This approach enables you to group styles for a specific HTML page, offering flexibility and control over the page's design.

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CSS Style Priority

CSS prioritizes styles based on their origin. Inline CSS has the highest priority, followed by Internal CSS, and lastly, External CSS. This means that if conflicting styles are applied, the inline styles will override the internal, which will override the external styles.

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CSS Rule Structure

CSS rules consist of three main parts: selector, property, and value. The selector targets specific HTML elements to apply the styles to. The property is the CSS attribute you want to modify, and the value defines the desired style for that property.

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Multiple External CSS Files

You can include multiple external CSS files in your HTML document. Each file is linked using a separate <link> tag. This allows you to break down your styles into logical groups or modules for easier management and organization.

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External Stylesheet

External stylesheet is defined within the <link> element, inside the <head> section of an HTML page. It is best practice to use external stylesheets as they allow for reusable styles across multiple pages.

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Named Color Values

Colors are represented by names (e.g., "red", "blue") that are defined in CSS3. There are 140 predefined color names.

Example:

h1 { color: red; }
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RGB Color Model

A system that uses red, green, and blue light to create millions of colors. Each channel has a value from 0 to 255, representing the intensity of that color.

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RGBA Color Model

Uses three values (0-255) for red, green, and blue, and an additional value (0-1) for transparency. It allows creating colors with different levels of opacity.

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HSL Color Model

Describes colors using hue, saturation, and lightness values. Hue represents the color on a wheel (0-360 degrees), saturation indicates how much color is present (0-100%), and lightness specifies the brightness (0-100%).

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RGB Color Value Formats

RGB color values can be specified in different formats:

  • RGB values: rgb(200, 178, 230)
  • Percentage values: rgb(78%, 70%, 90%)
  • Hexadecimal values: #C8B2E6
  • Condensed hexadecimal values (for double-digits only): #F06 (equivalent to #FF0066)
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Foreground Color

The color of text or graphics displayed on the screen. It's like painting the foreground of your canvas.

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Background Color

The color of the background area surrounding your content. It's like choosing the overall color of the canvas.

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Tiling Background Image

A technique that repeats an image to fill the background. It's like tiling a floor with decorative ceramic tiles.

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Background Position

Controls the position of the first image in the background pattern. This image serves as the origin for tiling.

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Background Repeating

Specifies how the background image is repeated across the webpage.

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repeat-x

Tiles the background image horizontally only.

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repeat-y

Tiles the background image vertically only.

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space

Space between background images to fit the window.

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round

Distorts the image to fit the background without clipping.

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Study Notes

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

  • CSS is a language for styling web pages.
  • It simplifies the process of making web pages presentable.
  • CSS controls the layout of HTML documents.
  • It's a simple way to add styles like fonts, colors, and spacing to webpages.

HTML vs CSS

  • HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is a markup language for structuring web pages.
  • HTML creates the content and structure of a webpage.
  • CSS is a stylesheet language that defines the presentation of a webpage.
  • CSS styles the elements created by HTML.
  • HTML codes are not found in CSS files; CSS codes are sometimes found in HTML files.
  • HTML uses angle brackets (<>); CSS uses curly braces ({}).
  • HTML is the structure whereas CSS is the look and appearance.

Why use CSS?

  • CSS saves time in development.
  • CSS makes maintenance easier.
  • CSS improves presentation for search engines.
  • CSS provides superior styling compared to HTML.
  • Styles can be applied in different ways.
  • CSS solves the problem of styling webpages within HTML.
  • Originally, HTML was not meant for formatting, only for content.
  • CSS fixes this issue by removing formatting tags from HTML..

How to add CSS

  • There are three ways to add CSS to an HTML page.
    • Inline CSS
    • Internal CSS
    • External CSS

Inline CSS

  • Inline CSS styles are defined within HTML elements.
  • It uses the "style" attribute within HTML tags.
  • It has the highest priority for styling elements.

Internal CSS

  • Internal CSS styles are defined inside HTML.
  • It's used for a single webpage.
  • It uses a <style> tag within the <head> section.

External CSS

  • External CSS is a separate file (.css).
  • A webpage can use various external styles that can be added from the separate stylesheet.
  • Link to the file using <link> tag within the <head> section using.

CSS Properties Overview

  • Color: CSS defines colors with named colors, RGB, RGBA, HSL, and HSLA values.
  • Background: Provides options to repeat patterns, modify the position of images/colors, and set background images.
  • Foreground: Defines the colors for text content.

Activities

  • Students will complete activities that use inline, internal, and external CSS to customize presentation on webpages.

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Related Documents

Introduction to CSS PDF

Description

This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) and HyperText Markup Language (HTML). Learn how CSS enhances the presentation of webpages and how it differs from HTML in structure and styling. Test your understanding of web development principles through a series of engaging questions.

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