RNA snyth and Proc Quiz 1

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Which type of RNA is responsible for carrying amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

tRNA (correct)

snRNA

mRNA

rRNA

Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA in prokaryotes?

RNA polymerase III

RNA polymerase I (correct)

RNA polymerase II

RNA polymerase IV

What is the major difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic mRNAs?

Prokaryotic mRNAs are longer than eukaryotic mRNAs.

Prokaryotic mRNAs have introns, while eukaryotic mRNAs do not. (correct)

Prokaryotic mRNAs undergo splicing, while eukaryotic mRNAs do not.

Prokaryotic mRNAs have a 5' cap, while eukaryotic mRNAs do not.

Which of the following is NOT a transcription factor in eukaryotes?

RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for adding a 5' cap to eukaryotic mRNAs?

RNA polymerase II Signup and view all the answers

How do small RNAs regulate mRNA expression?

They bind to the mRNA and inhibit translation. Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for acetylating histone lysine residues in eukaryotes?

Histone acetyltransferase (HAT) Signup and view all the answers

Which RNA polymerase is responsible for synthesizing precursor of mature rRNA in eukaryotes?

RNA Pol I Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the chromatin is in a decondensed form and actively transcribed in eukaryotes?

Euchromatin Signup and view all the answers

Which general transcription factor is responsible for recognizing and binding to the TATA-box and other core promoter elements in eukaryotes?

TFIID Signup and view all the answers

Which consensus sequence within 200 nt of the core promoter is considered a proximal regulatory element in eukaryotes?

CAAT box Signup and view all the answers

Which domain of a specific transcription factor (STF) recruits coactivator proteins involved in chromatin modification in eukaryotes?

Transcription activation domain Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for transcribing genes into a single-stranded RNA?

RNA polymerase Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of DNA template copying during transcription?

3'-to-5' Signup and view all the answers

Which strand of DNA is known as the coding or sense strand?

Non-template strand Signup and view all the answers

How many different RNA polymerases do eukaryotic cells use?

Three Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is responsible for adding a 5'-cap to eukaryotic mRNA?

S-Adenosylmethionine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) in mRNA splicing?

Forming base pairs with consensus sequences at each end of the intron Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about promoter regions in DNA?

Promoter regions are specific sequences in DNA that determine where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of enhancers in transcription initiation?

Enhancers affect the rate of transcription initiation through interactions with DNA-binding proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between exons and introns in eukaryotic genes?

Exons specify the coding region of proteins while introns have no coding function. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of splicing in eukaryotic gene expression?

Splicing removes introns from the primary transcript. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription initiation?

RNA polymerase binds to promoter regions to initiate transcription. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of protein factors in transcription initiation?

Protein factors allow for efficient RNA polymerase binding to the promoter. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about RNA polymerase in prokaryotes?

It synthesizes all types of RNA except for primers for DNA replication Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the structure of RNA?

It is single-stranded and has ribose instead of deoxyribose at the 2' carbon Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in protein synthesis?

It provides sites for protein synthesis and forms peptide bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in protein synthesis?

It carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between monocistronic and polycistronic mRNA?

Monocistronic mRNA carries code for one gene, while polycistronic mRNA carries code for more than one gene Signup and view all the answers

What are the three phases of transcription in E. coli?

Initiation, Elongation, Termination Signup and view all the answers