Cryptography Fundamentals Quiz

Cryptography Algorithms

Symmetric Key Algorithms

• Use the same secret key for encryption and decryption
• Examples:
  • AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)
  • DES (Data Encryption Standard)
  • Blowfish

Asymmetric Key Algorithms

• Use a pair of keys: public key for encryption and private key for decryption
• Examples:
  • RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman)
  • Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)

Block Ciphers

• Encrypt data in fixed-size blocks
• Examples:
  • AES (Advanced Encryption Standard)
  • DES (Data Encryption Standard)

Stream Ciphers

• Encrypt data in a continuous stream
• Examples:
  • RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4)
  • FISH (Fast and Instruction-Set Independent Hash)

Hash Functions

Properties

• Deterministic: same input produces same output
• Non-invertible: cannot retrieve original input from output
• Fixed output size: regardless of input size
• Collision-resistant: difficult to find two different inputs with the same output

Types

• Cryptographic Hash Functions: designed to be secure and collision-resistant
  • Examples: SHA-256, SHA-512, MD5
• Non-Cryptographic Hash Functions: designed for speed and simplicity, not secure
  • Examples: CRC32, FNV-1a

Applications

• Data integrity: verify data has not been tampered with
• Password storage: store passwords securely
• Digital signatures: authenticate message sender and ensure integrity

Test your knowledge of cryptography concepts, including symmetric and asymmetric key algorithms, block and stream ciphers, and hash functions. Learn about properties, types, and applications of cryptography and assess your understanding of cryptographic principles.