Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building
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Questions and Answers

Which term refers to all changes in the shape or position of a rock body in response to stress?

  • Convection
  • Deformation (correct)
  • Strain
  • Compression
  • What is the force that is put on a rock called?

  • Stress (correct)
  • Strain
  • Compression
  • Deformation
  • What is the term for a crack in the rock where there has been movement?

  • Strain
  • Joint
  • Fold
  • Fault (correct)
  • What are the features that result from forces generated by the interaction of tectonic plates called?

    <p>Structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stress squeezes and shortens the rock?

    <p>Compressional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stress is responsible for the sliding past of one another at plate boundaries?

    <p>Shear stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stress causes rocks to break or snap?

    <p>Compressional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition makes rocks more likely to break rather than bend?

    <p>Low temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the change in shape of a rock caused by stress called?

    <p>Strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of deformation is characterized by rocks springing back to their original shape after stress is removed?

    <p>Elastic deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of deformation is more likely to occur beneath the Earth's surface?

    <p>Folding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor affects how a rock deforms?

    <p>Rock type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is characterized by rocks breaking and moving apart?

    <p>Normal fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is characterized by rocks breaking and moving together?

    <p>Reverse fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is characterized by rocks sliding past one another?

    <p>Shear fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rocks make up the Sierra Nevada mountains?

    <p>Metamorphic rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused the metamorphosis of the rocks in the Sierra Nevada mountains?

    <p>Volcanic activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of folds are described as up-folded arch sedimentary layers?

    <p>Anticlines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of stress is responsible for the stretching and thinning of the crust in the Coast Range of California?

    <p>Tensional stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rock would we typically find in areas where rocks have been folded?

    <p>Metamorphic rocks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rock is the Sierra Nevadas predominantly made of?

    <p>Granite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle states that the oldest beds are on the bottom?

    <p>Law of Superposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a fold in rock layers that is overturned and has younger beds on top of older beds?

    <p>Recumbent fold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fold is characterized by symmetrical shape and beds that dip away from the center in all directions?

    <p>Anticline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are domes and basins?

    <p>Circular features with the oldest rock in the center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between domes and basins?

    <p>Domes have the youngest rock in the center, while basins have the oldest rock in the center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of rock is found in the center of the Sutter Buttes dome?

    <p>Volcanic rock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inside of the Sutter Buttes dome called?

    <p>The cascalated core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused the crust in the Great Lakes area to be bent downward?

    <p>Glacial activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deformation is more likely to occur beneath the Earth's surface?

    <p>Ductile deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fault is characterized by the hanging wall being thrust over the football?

    <p>Thrust fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a fault with a low angle?

    <p>Thrust fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is commonly found in mountains?

    <p>Normal fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a thrust fault?

    <p>Hanging wall thrust over the football</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is described as rocks breaking and moving apart?

    <p>Normal fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is characterized by rocks sliding past one another?

    <p>Strike-slip fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fault is characterized by rocks breaking and moving together?

    <p>Reverse fault</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a crack in the rock where there has been movement?

    <p>Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of deformation is more likely to occur beneath the Earth's surface?

    <p>Ductile deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stress causes rocks to break or snap?

    <p>Compression stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

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