Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

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Questions and Answers

Which term refers to all changes in the shape or position of a rock body in response to stress?

  • Convection
  • Deformation (correct)
  • Strain
  • Compression

What is the force that is put on a rock called?

  • Stress (correct)
  • Strain
  • Compression
  • Deformation

What is the term for a crack in the rock where there has been movement?

  • Strain
  • Joint
  • Fold
  • Fault (correct)

What are the features that result from forces generated by the interaction of tectonic plates called?

<p>Structure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of stress squeezes and shortens the rock?

<p>Compressional stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stress is responsible for the sliding past of one another at plate boundaries?

<p>Shear stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of stress causes rocks to break or snap?

<p>Compressional stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition makes rocks more likely to break rather than bend?

<p>Low temperature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the change in shape of a rock caused by stress called?

<p>Strain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of deformation is characterized by rocks springing back to their original shape after stress is removed?

<p>Elastic deformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of deformation is more likely to occur beneath the Earth's surface?

<p>Folding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor affects how a rock deforms?

<p>Rock type (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is characterized by rocks breaking and moving apart?

<p>Normal fault (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is characterized by rocks breaking and moving together?

<p>Reverse fault (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is characterized by rocks sliding past one another?

<p>Shear fault (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rocks make up the Sierra Nevada mountains?

<p>Metamorphic rocks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused the metamorphosis of the rocks in the Sierra Nevada mountains?

<p>Volcanic activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of folds are described as up-folded arch sedimentary layers?

<p>Anticlines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stress is responsible for the stretching and thinning of the crust in the Coast Range of California?

<p>Tensional stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock would we typically find in areas where rocks have been folded?

<p>Metamorphic rocks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is the Sierra Nevadas predominantly made of?

<p>Granite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What principle states that the oldest beds are on the bottom?

<p>Law of Superposition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a fold in rock layers that is overturned and has younger beds on top of older beds?

<p>Recumbent fold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fold is characterized by symmetrical shape and beds that dip away from the center in all directions?

<p>Anticline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are domes and basins?

<p>Circular features with the oldest rock in the center (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between domes and basins?

<p>Domes have the youngest rock in the center, while basins have the oldest rock in the center (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of rock is found in the center of the Sutter Buttes dome?

<p>Volcanic rock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the inside of the Sutter Buttes dome called?

<p>The cascalated core (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What caused the crust in the Great Lakes area to be bent downward?

<p>Glacial activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of deformation is more likely to occur beneath the Earth's surface?

<p>Ductile deformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fault is characterized by the hanging wall being thrust over the football?

<p>Thrust fault (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a fault with a low angle?

<p>Thrust fault (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is commonly found in mountains?

<p>Normal fault (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a thrust fault?

<p>Hanging wall thrust over the football (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is described as rocks breaking and moving apart?

<p>Normal fault (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is characterized by rocks sliding past one another?

<p>Strike-slip fault (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fault is characterized by rocks breaking and moving together?

<p>Reverse fault (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a crack in the rock where there has been movement?

<p>Joint (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of deformation is more likely to occur beneath the Earth's surface?

<p>Ductile deformation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of stress causes rocks to break or snap?

<p>Compression stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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